South Architecture

ளˆጡ̾౎ڍ МࣉۡܰЮ Рనҫ᝹ஶᆐቂᤗ᝿

- ෍੆ѷ Ὃᱏ߼᠈ Ὃብϒ໘ Ὃ᳦ ௝ 8"/( $IFOHHBOH 8&* ;POHDBJ ;)"/( 2JBOZJOH )6"/( 9JO

धஉመߥ὇ᠪຸనҫὈ

ಕខᆉ὇04*%Ὀ

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෍੆ѷὋᱏ߼᠈Ὃብϒ໘ὋኍὍளˆጡ̾౎ڍ ЮܰۡࣉМРనҫ᝹ஶᆐቂᤗ᝿ <+>ὍӮழतኒὋ ὇ ὈὙ

8"/( $IFOHHBOHὋ8&* ;POHDBJὋ;)"/( 2JBOZJOHὋF­U BMὍ 3FTFBSDI 3FWJFX PO 6SCBO 1VCMJD 4FSWJDF 'BDJMJUZ TJODF UIF TU $FOUVSZ<+>Ὅ4PVUI "SDIJUFDUVS­FὋ Ὑ

୑᜵NJ ڍࠑǑþӠ ٽ̊ÿள ۋۡ᪙Ӑࠃஶழ಴ǒᄉᮑ֖࣊Жᄉ̃Ӡܷ ઐն ڨࠪۡࣉМРనҫ᝹ஶᆐቂԢ᜺Ѳࠃ᡺ଡѢ˿ளᄉ᜵යnjᯪЎ΍ ၸ $JUF4QBDF ᣃ͇Ὃࠪளˆጡ̾౎ڍ ЮܰС̅ۡࣉМРనҫ᝹ஶᄉ˖ᔭ஠యѮ஠࿸ᤈᛠ˿᝟᧙Ӑѫౡnjᤈʶ൥಩૵ԊࣱԦ஠ஜ᧙NjᄰСஊንᮑ࣊ௐᫍὋ࠱ ˆጡ̾౎ڍ ЮܰМన᝹ஶᆐቂѲѫ˝ᡐ൥య ὇ _ ࣱὈNjʼӣయ὇ _ ࣱὈNjԦࡘయ὇ ࣱ _Ὀ ʻ˓᫼ൿnjᆐቂፆ౦௬ᇧὋ˖ᔭ஠С̅Мన᝹ஶᆐቂ੆౦Ժഏહॅጩ ˝МРనҫ᝹ஶቆᫍᦠᎵNjஊን֖ክူNj஌ၸ᝿ͤʻ˓ழ᭦Ὃ˞᜵ᆐቂЮࠓᐐཤ̅Мన᝹ஶᄉڨ ኍӐ֖ᇪ͗МࣰNjቆᫍᦠᎵഴ ۋ͕ӐNjΘ ፋ֖ክူഴयNjԺ᣹বNjࡏඞᭉයԢ໗਒ऎኍnjࠪᆐቂЮࠓᄉ೚ူԦဗὋ Мన᝹ஶᆐቂ ڙူ᝶NjழกԢЮࠓͳጆʻ˓ழ᭦࠺ߚ ڙʿᡛnjల౎ᆐቂः᧗ཁСซᆐቂူ᝶ᄉѸள̾Ԣᆐቂழกᄉመߥব֖᤟ၸবὋࣲु Ӑᆐቂ᜼ᝇᄉܲЊবὋ߸ؒМన᝹ஶᆐቂᄉူ᝶ಳ౵ͳጆnj੆౦ᑞ˝ ڍ ЮۡࣉМРనҫ᝹ஶ᜺Ѳ᝹᝟ଡΘԟᏥὋ˝᡺ᛠ ளࠑڍ ੌӐ᪙ۡۋ ႔ଡΘᆐቂஂଢ଼nj

С᪃ជNJۡࣉМРనҫ᝹ஶ὚᝟᧙ѫౡ὚ᆐቂᤗ᝿

۲᧚ᮉᄫNJ ڍࠑᒬཨመߥ۲᧚ᠪүᮉᄫ὇ ὈὙሧҮ̈ᐎ Ꭹ੾శॕֽʽۡࣉᭅ ׫ ቆᫍ᧗ౝྱड़ˀ఺ူᆐቂ὚ࣸˋᄴ۲ᆨˀःၸ ۲ᆨᆐቂ۲᧚὇ " ὈὙ۲̅ᘾ ࠃ๖᠟ᛠ˝̈Үᄉᭅࣉۡ ׫ˉቆᫍ࣊ࡌ͕Ӑን႔ᆐቂ὚ࣸˋᄴו ߥᇪ͗መߥ᜺Ѳᮉᄫ὇(% 9(- ὈὙஜߙፂ฿᜼۪ʽۡࣉ׷ˉቆᫍѫ࣊ԪӐྱड़Ԣុଌ ን႔nj

ڎ˖ ѫዜՁNJ56

஠࿸ಕংᆉNJ"

%0*NJ K JTTO

஠ብᎃՁNJ ὇ Ὀ

ͺᏧኤ̭ ᰳጞࢹር࣍὚ ӧӮူࢹܷߥतኒߥᬒNj̍བࣛतኒˀۡ ࣉመߥК ڍ᧗ཁࠃᰍࠈὋҝஓ૾Ὃ᤯᣽ͺᏧὋႂߔᥪ኷ὙXFJ[POHDBJ! TDVU FEV DO὚ ᰳጞࢹር࣍὚ ᰳጞࢹር࣍὚ ᝟᝹Ѳ᜺ࣉۡࣉࢶࣸ థᬌМՂ

56

ABSTRACTNJ#PUI

BOE UIF SFQPSU PG UIF UI /BUJPOBM $POHSFTT PG UIF $PNNVOJTU 1BSUZ PG $IJOB QSPQPTF OFX SFRVJSFNFO­UT GPS SFTFBSDIJO­H BOE QSBDUJDJOH VSCBO QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUZ QMBOOJOH 5IJT TUVEZ SFWJFXFE UIF MJUFSBUVSF PO VSCBO QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUJFT BU IPNF BOE BCSPBE TJODF UIF CFHJOOJOH PG UIF TU $FOUVSZ JO $IJOFTF BOE &OHMJTI 1BQFST QVCMJTIFE JO DPSF KPVSOBMT XIJDI XFSF EPXOMPBEFE GSPN $IJOB /BUJPOBM ,OPXMFEHF *OGSBTUSVDU­VSF $/,* BOE 8FC PG 4DJFODF XFSF SFWJFXFE UISPVHI BO FDPOPNFUSJ­D BOBMZTJT VTJOH $JUF4QBDF TPGUXBSF 3FTFBSDI QSPHSFTTFT SFTFBSDI IPUTQPUT BOE USFOET XFSF QSFTFOUFE JO QIBTFE NBQT 'VSUIFSNPSF SFTFBSDI DPOUFOUT BCPVU QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUJFT JO $IJOB BOE GPSFJHO DPVOUSJFT XFSF TVNNBSJ[FE BOE FYUSBDUFE BDDPSEJOH UP IPUTQPU LFZXPSET 5IF SFMFWBOU SFTFBSDI EFWFMPQNFO­U DIBSBDUFSJ­TUJDT BOE QSPCMFNT XFSF EJTDMPTFE BOE B EFWFMPQNFO­U EJSFDUJPO GPS VSCBO QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUJFT JO UIF GVUVSF XBT QSPQPTFE 3FTFBSDI SFTVMUT EFNPOTUSBU­FE UIBU SFTFBSDI PO QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUJFT JO $IJOB BOE GPSFJHO DPVOUSJFT TJODF UIF CFHJOOJOH PG UIF TU DFOUVSZ DBO CF EJWJEFE JOUP UISFF TUBHFT CFHJOOJOH TUBHF _ SJTJOH TUBHF _ BOE EFWFMPQNFO­U TUBHF _ 5IF SFTFBSDI SFTVMUT JODSFBTFE DPOUJOVPVT­MZ 4QFDJGJDBM­MZ UIF RVBOUJUZ PG SFTFBSDI QBQFST JO $IJOB JODSFBTFE NPSF TMPXMZ UIBO JO GPSFJHO DPVOUSJFT 5IFSF XFSF GFX MPDBM BOE JOUFSOBUJP­OBM TUVEJFT JO UIF CFHJOOJOH TUBHF BOE UIF SFTFBSDI EJSFDUJPOT XFSF SFMBUJWFMZ EJTQFSTFE *O UIF SJTJOH TUBHF UIF OVNCFS PG SFMFWBOU TUVEJFT JODSFBTFE BU B TUBCMF SBUF 'PSFJHO TUVEJFT CFHBO UP BQQMZ UIF TQBUJBM BOBMZUJDBM NFUIPE UP UIF TFUUJOH PG QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUJFT 4UVEJFT JO $IJOB EJTDVTTFE UIF FRVBMJ[BUJPO PG QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUZ MBZPVU VOEFS UIF QPMJDZ CBDLHSPVOE PG FRVJUBCMF BDDFTT UP CBTJD QVCMJD TFSWJDFT BOE VSCBO SVSBM JOUFHSBUFE EFWFMPQNFO­U 3FMFWBOU TUVEJFT BDIJFWFE SBQJE HSPXUI BU IPNF BOE BCSPBE JO UIF EFWFMPQNFO­U TUBHF 'BDFE XJUI BO JOUFOTJGZJ­OH HBQ CFUXFFO UIF SJDI BOE UIF QPPS JO 8FTUFSO DPVOUSJFT TUVEJFT JO GPSFJHO DPVOUSJFT GPDVT PO FOWJSPONFO­UBM GBJSOFTT BOE QVCMJD QBSUJDJQBU­JPO XIJMF TUVEJFT JO $IJOB FNQIBTJ[F BMM SPVOE PQUJNJ[BUJPO PG VUJMJUZ FWBMVBUJPO DPOGJHVSBU­JPO BOE NBOBHFNFOU PG QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUJFT &YJTUJOH SFTFBSDI SFTVMUT PG QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUJFT JO $IJOB BOE GPSFJHO DPVOUSJFT DBO CF TVNNBSJ[FE JOUP UISFF BTQFDUT TQBUJBM MBZPVU QPMJDZ BOE NBOBHFNFOU BOE VUJMJUZ FWBMVBUJPO 3FTFBSDI SFTVMUT DPODFSOJOH UIF TQBUJBM MBZPVU PG QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUJFT VTFE TPDJBM FRVJUZ BOE TQBUJBM FRVJUZ BT BO JNQPSUBOU QSJODJQMF PG DPOGJHVSBU­JPO 4UVEJFT PO UIF DPOGJHVSBU­JPO NFUIPE NBJOMZ GPDVT PO PQUJNJ[JOH UIF UIFPSFUJDB­M NPEFM GPS MPDBUJPO TFMFDUJPO *O TUVEJFT DPODFSOJOH QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUZ NBOBHFNFOU TDIPMBST FNQIBTJ[F UIF JNQPSUBODF PG EFUFSNJOJO­H NBOBHFNFOU TVCKFDUT BOE JOUSPEVDJO­H TPDJBM QPXFS BOE NBSLFU NFDIBOJTN UP SFBMJ[F JOEVTUSJBM­J[BUJPO 4UVEJFT PO VUJMJUZ FWBMVBUJPO PG QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUJFT BSF NBJOMZ EJWJEFE JOUP TVCKFDUJWF BOE PCKFDUJWF VUJMJUZ FWBMVBUJPO 4VCKFDUJWF VUJMJUZ JOWPMWFT SFTJEFOUT OFFET BOE TBUJTGBDUJ­PO EFHSFF BT QFS QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUJFT 0CKFDUJWF VUJMJUZ NBJOMZ DPWFST BDDFTTJCJM­JUZ NFBTVSFNFO­U BOE BOBMZTJT PG JOGMVFODJO­H GBDUPST #BTFE PO UIF SFWJFX PG SFTFBSDI DPOUFOU TUVEJFT PO QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUJFT IBWF B QSPCMFN JO UIBU MPDBM JOOPWBUJPO PG UIFPSZ IBT UP CF TUSFOHUIFO­FE 5IF TDJFOUJGJD­JUZ BOE BQQMJDBCJM­JUZ PG SFTFBSDI NFUIPET TUJMM IBWF UP CF JNQSPWFE .PSFPWFS TUBOEBSET PG JOEFYFT SFBTPOBCJM­JUZ PG UIFJS XFJHIUT BOE EBUB BDRVJTJUJP­O TZTUFNT TUJMM IBWF UP CF PQUJNJ[FE "TTPDJBUJPO­T PG TUVEJFT PO QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUJFT GSPN QFSTQFDUJW­FT PG EJGGFSFOU TVCKFDUT TUJMM IBWF UP CF GVSUIFS TUSFOHUIFO­FE 'VUVSF SFTFBSDI DPVME GPDVT PO UISFF BTQFDUT 'JSTUMZ GVUVSF TUVEJFT DBO GVSUIFS FOIBODF MPDBM UIFPSFUJDB­M EJTDVTTJPO­T CBTFE PO QSBDUJDF JO $IJOB 4FDPOEMZ UIF TDJFOUJGJD­JUZ BOE BQQMJDBCJM­JUZ PG VSCBO QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUZ DPOGJHVSBU­JPO NFUIPET TIBMM CF GVSUIFS EJTDVTTFE VTJOH DPNQSFIFOT­JWF NVMUJ TPVSDF EBUB 'JOBMMZ JU TIBMM TUSFOHUIFO EJWFSTJUZ PG EJTDJQMJOB­SZ QFSTQFDUJW­FT BOE QFSGFDU UIF UIFPSFUJDB­M GSBNF TZTUFN UP TUVEZ QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUJFT 3FTFBSDI DPODMVTJPO­T DBO QSPWJEF SFGFSFODFT UP UIF QMBOOJOH BOE EFTJHO PG VSCBO QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUJFT JO $IJOB BOE PGGFS SFTFBSDI TVQQPSU GPS UIF JNQMFNFOUB­UJPO PG UIF OBUJPOBM OFX VSCBOJ[BUJPO TUSBUFHZ

KEY WORDSNJVSCB­O

SFTFBSDI SFWJFX

3FTFBSDI 3FWJFX PO 6SCBO 1VCMJD 4FSWJDF 'BDJMJUZ TJODF UIF TU $FOUVSZ

QVCMJD TFSWJDF GBDJMJUJFT FDPOPNFUSJ­D BOBMZTJT

लᝒ

NJNJ̠̾˝ನॶᄉள ۋۡ᪙Ӑੌ႔ᄉຆЙ଍ᤈᭉ᜵ຆӐࠪ МРనҫ᝹ஶᠪຸᦠᎵᄉᆐቂnjۡࣉМРనҫ᝹ஶͺ˝ԥ ௡ࡏඞၶาֵ ᄉ᧗᜵ಕংὋʶᄯ௦ڍ Юܰߥశႌᆐቂᄉབཁពᮤnj ࣱ తὋ ڍࠑǑþӠ ٽ̊ÿள Ӑ᪙ۡۋ ࠃஶழ಴ǒԦ࣊ὋૈѢþӠ ٽ̊ÿௐయᭉ᜵ຆЙ଍ᤈ̠̾ ˝ನॶᄉள ۋۡ᪙Ӑੌ႔Ὃҁ ࣱۡ᪙۲ఴМРనҫ ᜷ᄥКᦉలᖿਖ਼࣡Ͱ̠ԯ὚Жᄉ̃Ӡܷઐն௙ᆷ࠱МРన ҫපࣰᄉଡᰳNj ڨ ᛥব֖ԺԢবᄉܘुͺ˝଍ᤈРՎࠜᜎᄉನॶЮࠓὋᤇࠪМРనҫ᝹ஶᄉ͕ӐᦠᎵԢᆐቂଡѢ˿ ள᜵යnjͭᄫґ ڍ ЮࠪМРనҫ᝹ஶᄉ஠࿸ᆐቂ̯ܲӬʶ ᜼ᝇѬЙὋ ݟ ଉᝦ˿МРనҫ᝹ஶᄉᦠᎵˀΘፋ < >Njቆᫍ ࡌ࣊ < >Nj ڨ ኍӐ < > ኍ὚੊ࠪᇪӜМన < >NjᏤࣱМన < > ኍ ྱ߿ዜ ۋ МРనҫ᝹ஶࡘधᝦ᝶ὋࠪۡࣉМРనҫ᝹ஶᆐቂ੆౦ᤈᛠ೚ူ֖ॅጩᄉ፫ᤗ੆౦ᄰࠪ൑Ꭴ < Ὃ >Ὃˀᗵҹ ԦࡘᄉМన᝹ஶ᜺Ѳࠃ᡺ߚ ڙ ᬥ᫚nj

NJNJ΍ၸ $JUF4QBDF ᣃ͇Ὃᤁၸ᝟᧙Ӑѫౡழกࠪளˆ ጡ̾౎ڍ Юܰ˖ᔭ஠యѮ஠࿸С̅ۡࣉМРనҫ᝹ஶᄉ੆౦ᤈᛠ೚ူ֖ѫౡὋѫ᫼ൿ ڎ៧यյဗФᆐቂᤈࡘ­NjᆐቂབཁԢᡕҸኍЮ­ࠓὋԐຌˀᣱౡ˖ᔭ஠੆౦С̅ۡ ࣉМРనҫ᝹ஶᆐቂԦࡘᄉྱཁˀ᫇ᮤὋଡѢల౎ۡࣉ МРనҫ᝹ஶᆐቂᄉԦࡘழՓὋ̾య˝ڍ ЮۡࣉМРన ҫ᝹ஶ᜺Ѳ᝹᝟֖ᆐቂଡΘԟᏥὋ˝᡺ᛠ ளࠑڍ ᪙ۡۋ Ӑੌ႔ଡΘᆐቂஂଢ଼nj

ஜ૵౎ຸˀᆐቂழก

ஜ૵౎ຸ NJNJఴᆐቂ΍ၸᄉ˖஠஠࿸֖ᔭ஠஠࿸ஜ૵ѫѾ౎ຸ̅ᅻᎩ὇$/,*Ὀ ֖ 8FC PG 4DJFODF὇804Ὀnj ̾þ ˞ ᮤ üۡࣉýBOEüͳᐱ᝹ஶ PS МРనҫ᝹ஶ PS Мన᝹ஶ PS ӝႤ᝹ஶ PS ஓᐱ᝹ஶ PSᇪ͗ለѽ᝹ஶ PS ஠Ӑ᝹ஶýÿᄉ్͇೜ጉ$/,*ஜ૵ं˖Ԧᛪࣱ͊˝ _ ࣱᄉನॶయѮ஠࿸ὋయѮ౎ຸӉહӑܷನॶNj$44$* ̾Ԣ $4$%ὋР೜ጉҁ ኼ˖஠ನॶయѮ஠࿸὚࠱˞ᮤ᝹ Ꮅ ˝þQVCMJD GBDJMJUZ PS QVCMJD TFSWJDF PS IFBMUI GBDJMJUZ PS FEVDBUJPOB­M GBDJMJUZ PS DVMUVSBM GBDJMJUZ PS TQPSUT GBDJMJUZ PS TPDJBM XFMGBSF GBDJMJUZÿ֖þVSCBO PS DJUZÿὋᤤԨþ4PDJBM *TTVFTÿNjþ1M­BOOJOH %FWFMPQNFOU­ÿNjþ(FPHSBQIZÿNj þ6SCBO 4UVEJFTÿNjþ.BOBHFNFOUÿܷ̊ዜழՓὋࠪ 804 ஜ૵ंನॶՋᬶԦᛪࣱ͊˝ _ ࣱᄉᔭ஠ యѮ஠࿸ᤈᛠ೜ጉὋР३ҁ ኼᔭ஠ನॶయѮ஠࿸nj

ᆐቂழก

NJNJ$JUF4QBDF ᝟᧙ѫౡᣃ͇థү̅ପᇧᆐቂ໥ӐᄉС᪃ ᡸफ़ԢદཁὋࣲ̾ᅻខ ڎ៧ழय࠱ᆐቂབཁNjᆐቂᡕҸ ኍЮࠓᤈᛠԺ᜼Ӑܪူ < Ὃ >nj۲̅೜ጉᖌ३ᄉ஠࿸ஜ૵Ὃ ଉᝦளˆጡ̾౎ۡࣉМన᝹ஶᄉ˖ᔭ஠ᆐቂ஠࿸ஜ᧙ڙ ௐᫍ፤ऎʼᄉԪӐὋࣲѲѫ᫼ൿὋጪՓඊᣖѫౡМన᝹ ஶᆐቂ˞ᮤᄉԪӐ὚᤯᣾С᪃ជРဗ ڎ៧Ԣ቉ԪѫౡὋ ଉᝦՉ᫼ൿМన᝹ஶᆐቂᄉᆐቂབཁԢФ­ԪӐখҸ὚ᤈ ʶ൥۲̅ࠪՉС᪃ជᄉѫዜࠪХͳᆐቂЮࠓࡘध᝿ᤗ὚ ణՐὋ۲̅঳ፆᄉᆐቂʿᡛὋፆՋॆґᄉМన᝹ஶ᜺Ѳ ᐿ௿ὋଡѢᆐቂࡘభ὇ڎ Ὀnj

ڍ ЮܰۡࣉМРనҫ᝹ஶᆐቂᤈࡘ

஠࿸ௐᫍѫ࣊ NJNJளˆጡ̾౎ڍܰᔭ஠యѮС̅ۡࣉМన᝹ஶᆐቂᄉࣱڨԦ஠᧙૆፝ܘܲὋ˄঳ͳ๨Ҹሶ߿὚ ڍ Ю˖஠ᆐቂ ੆౦˶ᤩࣱܘܲὋͭܘҸᣖ ڍܰ˝ᎀ὇ڎ Ὀnj಩૵Ԋࣱ Ԧ஠ஜ᧙֖ᄰСஊንᄉᮑ࣊ௐᫍὋ ڍ ЮܰМన᝹ஶᄉ˖ ᔭ஠ᆐቂԺѫ˝ʻ˓᫼ൿnj

NJNJ὇ Ὀᡐ൥య὇ _ ࣱὈὙளˆጡѹయὋ ܰڍ С̅ۡࣉМన᝹ஶᆐቂᄉ஠࿸ஜ᧙ᣖ࠵ὋࣱڨԦ஠᧙ڙ

ኼ๎Ү὚ ڍ ЮС̅Мన᝹ஶᄉ᜺Ѳࠃ᡺ϟ࠵ὋᄰСᆐቂ ੆౦ᣖ࠵njឞ᫼ൿᄉ஠࿸ஜ᧙ܪ̅ᡐ൥యὋሤጌᣖᎀਤnj ὇ Ὀʼӣయ὇ _ ὙὈࣱ ڍܰ஠ብᄉࣱڨԦ஠ ᧙յဗ᫼೘यܘ᫁খҸὋඇˏࣱܘ᫁ጝ ኼὋᛪ௙ڍᬄ ߥశႌࠪМన᝹ஶСซऎᄉ૆፝ʼӣ὚ ڍڙ ЮὋ ࣱ ӠНࡒН˖К͗ᯪ൒ଡѢþᤩ൥ࠃဗ۲ఴМРనҫᄉڨ ኍӐÿᄫಕՐὋС̅Мన᝹ஶᄉ᜺Ѳࠃ᡺֖ᆐቂᤩຑԩ ҁˉႌ֖ߥశႌᄉ᧗᜼ὋᄰСᆐቂஜ᧙ᤩࣱʼӣnj὇ Ὀ Ԧࡘయ὇ ࣱ _ ὈὙ ڍܰᄰСᆐቂ੆౦ᤈЙᰳᤳԦࡘయὋ ˄ஞͳܘࣧᣖܷὋࣱԦ஠᧙ၿ ᄉࣱ ኼܘ᫁ҁ

ᄉࣱ ኼὋପᇧѢឞᮖ۪੆˝ߥᏧ͂ᄉᆐቂཤཁ὚ ڍ ЮᄰСᆐቂ੆౦ᤈЙሶ߿Ԧࡘ᫼ൿὋԦ஠᧙ၿ ࣱᄉ ኼ૆፝ܘ᫁Ὃҁ ࣱ᣹ҁளᄉᰳࢎϘ὇ ኼὈὋ ͭˀᔭ஠Ԧ஠ஜ᧙̮ߚ ڙ ᣖܷࢿᡯnj

ᆐቂབཁ˞ᮤ

NJNJѽၸ $JUF4QBDF ᣃ͇ѫѾࠪᡐ൥యNjʼӣయNjԦࡘ యʻ˓᫼ൿᄉ஠࿸ᤈᛠС᪃ជРဗѫౡὋ­ௐᫍѬྞ᝹Ꮅ ˝ʶࣱὋ३ҁʻ˓᫼ൿᄉڍ ЮܰۡࣉМన᝹ஶᆐቂབཁ С᪃ជ ڎ៧ԢನॶС᪃ជ὇ڎ Ὀnj

ᡐ൥య὇ _ Ὀࣱ

NJNJ ڙ ឞௐయὋ ڍܰС̅Мన᝹ஶᄉᆐቂழՓܲ̾᫇ᮤ ֖ஊን˝࠭ՓὋ᤯᣾Ц ۋ ಴Β੊Ꮷᛠ˝ុಉ౎ଉᝦМన ᝹ஶnjᆐቂ੆౦ᣖܲᐐཤ̅̓᤯ழ᭦ὋథߥᏧ΍ၸМР ̓᤯నҫᄉܲൿᛠር᜺ѲὋଡѢӉહ൥ᛠNj ڌ߿ᡸጲМ Р̓᤯֖ѢሜᢻኍᭉයֽःഴयὋ̾൤҃߿МРనҫᄉ̓᤯ஊን < >Ὃ˶థߥᏧ̯᥊ᡸ̓᤯ԢክူᝇऎѢԦὋᆐ

< ቂ᝜ࡌNjӝᬒNj๖᫸ኍМన᝹ஶᄉःপഴय ̓᤯ࠪМРనҫ᝹ஶᄉ᧗᜵বnj

NJNJ ڍ ЮᄰСᆐቂ੆౦ϟ࠵Ὃ˞᜵̾᫇ᮤ˝࠭ՓὋࠪМ న᝹ஶ͕ӐᦠᎵ֖ክူࠪንᤈᛠ˿ଉᝦnjᬣᅋᇪ͗˞˦ ڣࣉ ፂ฿ͳ҃ᄉᣀ ۋ Ὃ᝟Ѳፂ฿ឥܑʽ੝ࠃஶᄉМన᝹ ஶ᜺Ѳͳጆࣂᬱ̾᤟ःளˆጡᄉМన᝹ஶᦠᎵᭉය < >Ὃ ࠭ᒰ˿᝹ஶᦠᎵ஌ညͯὋክူʿᡛኍ᫇ᮤᄉѢဗ < Ὃ >nj ᧪ࠪ൤ὋߥᏧुុः᧪ࠪʿՎᏅͳᄉᭉයଡΘࢿ­ऩӐన ҫὋԐຌ᝹ஶतክ˞ͳᄉా᠉Ὃଡᰳ᝹ஶክူᄉुऎԢ థ஌ব < >nj˝᤟ःڍ ЮͳᐱᤁҮᄉᗵҹԦࡘ­ὋྱѾ௦

ݗ̚ӑࣱ ᤁ͗ᄉґయኡܫࢹͺὋͳᐱ᝹ஶ੆˝ឞௐ య ڍ ЮߥᏧ᧗ཁСซࠪ៵nj᤯᣾ύ᧜ԟᏥ ڍܰፂᰍὋ ڍ ЮߥᏧૈѢःҪܷͳᐱ᝹ஶत᝹અᠪὋ᧗᜼ܷ͔ͳᐱ᝹ ஶत᝹ὋࣲҪुͳᐱ᝹ஶክူ፤એὋΧᤈ्੆߸ؒᄉͳ ᐱ᝹ஶͳጆ < >nj

NJNJ঳ͳʼὋளˆጡѹయ ڍ ЮܰМన᝹ஶᄰСᆐቂ̮ܪ ̅ᡐ൥᫼ൿὋᆐቂஜ᧙ᄰࠪᣖ࠵nj ڍܰߥᏧ˞᜵Сซۡ ࣉМР̓᤯὇QVCMJD USBOTQPSUὈ­Ὃࣲᬶ˖̅ஊउክူˀ фንὋМРᦉ᫂὇QVCMJD TFDUPSὈNjфንஂ૆὇EFDJTJPO TVQQPSUὈኍክူዜС᪃ជ̕థ๗Ԣ὚ ڍ ЮߥᏧ˞᜵ᐐཤ ̅ͳᐱ᝹ஶὋСซᇪӜࡆऎᄉМ­న᝹ஶत᝹Ὃͳᐱ᝹ஶNjᇪӜNjࠪንኍ௦Ѣဗᮟ൒ᣖᰳᄉС᪃ជnj

ʼӣయ὇ _ Ὀࣱ

NJNJ ڙ ឞ᫼ൿὋ ڍܰᄉᆐቂ੆౦ࣂ࠱ (*4 ቆᫍѫౡழก ࣸคःၸ̅ۡࣉМన᝹ஶᄉᦠᎵ֖᝿ͤᆐቂ˖ὋМన᝹ ஶᄉክူˀஊን҃߿ழ᭦˶ध ݼ ଉᝦМథ֖ሒథӐᄉС ጆnj̯ᭉයቪᄹὋʶᮉ ڙ ඊѽௐ۲̅ (*4 Ꭹፎѫౡᄉᆐቂ࠱˓̠ௐᫍጩЙԺ᣹বὋଡѢቆᫍ _ ௐᫍᬌ҃ᄉࢿऩ ॕֽ˿МР᝹ஶᄉ΍ၸԢФనҫᔴ ډ < >nj̯ΘፋቪᄹὋᆐቂᐐཤ ڙ ՉዜМన᝹ஶᄉቆᫍѫ࣊ὋࣲፆՋஊउᠪү ৰхNjᆐቂӜЮᄉ̠Ꮕྱड़὇ሗிNjஅЙኍὈᤈᛠМన ᝹ஶѫ࣊Мࣰবᄉ᝿͈Ὃѫౡᠪຸѫᦠࢿऩᄉԓ ځ < >nj ൤ܰὋ ڙ Мన᝹ஶክူழ᭦Ὃ̓௛੆ఴNjࣉڣ ክူNjᄢᅕNj ஊ෴ѽᄝڨ ᑞ௬ᗂॕֽМРనҫᄉሒథӐὋФ˖ᄢᅕˀ ڣࣉူክ ባ́ᒯС᧗᜵ < >nj

NJNJᬣᅋ۲ఴМРనҫ ڨ ኍӐNjۡ˸ʶͳӐԦࡘኍ ࠑڍ ஊንᄉଡѢὋ ڍ ЮߥᏧध ݼ ଉቂМన᝹ஶᄉᦠᎵ֖ክူ ᝫᮤnjᆐቂԦဗὋۡ˸NjӜ۪˧ᫍᄉМన᝹ஶ᭣ڨ ኍӐ ဗ៵௬ᗂὋፂ฿Ԧ᣹ۡࣉМన᝹ஶᄉஜ᧙ڨ ኍӐපࣰᄰࠪᣖᰳ < >nj۲̅൤ὋߥᏧ͂ᝢ˝ःϣКᄰСก।ก᜺ͳ ጆὋ௙ఀஊउ᠉ాὋҪܷઅᠪҦऎὋ̾γᬩМన᝹ஶᄉڨ ኍӐԦࡘὋ᎕࠴ۡ˸Мన᝹ஶనҫࢿᡯ < Ὃ Ὃ >nj൤ܰὋ ˶థߥᏧࠪۡࣉࡆऎᄉМన᝹ஶᄉᦠᎵ֖ክူဗ࿃ᤈᛠ ѫౡὋԦဗ ڍ ЮМన᝹ஶߚ ڙ ΘʿःයNjत᝹ክူᑱᓫNj

>Ὃԥ௡Ѣᇪ͗ѫऩኍ᫇ᮤ < Ὃ >ὋᤈᏪଡѢ˿͕ӐᦠᎵಕэὋलЙ ܲЊत᝹ክူ˞ͳὋᴁҴМ͔ԟˀኍࠪንतᝫ < Ὃ >nj NJNJ঳ͳʼὋឞௐయ ڍ ЮܰᄉᄰСᆐቂஜ᧙ڨ յဗᤩࣱ ܘ᫁খҸnj ڍܰࠪМన᝹ஶᄉԺ᣹ব὇BDDFTTJCJM­JUZὈNj ഴ ۋ὇NPEFMὈழ᭦ଉᝦᣖܲὋՎௐክူ὇NBOBHFNFOU­ὈNj ஊ෴὇QPMJUJDTὈኍ­С᪃ជ̮థᣖᰳᄉབऎ὚ ڍ ЮߥᏧࠪ Мన᝹ஶᄉСซऎᤩຑଡӣὋþ ڨ ኍӐÿNjþဗ࿃ÿNjþۡ ˸ፑኡÿኍС᪃ជ੆˝ឞௐయᄉᆐቂབཁnj

Ԧࡘయ὇ ࣱ _ Ὀ

NJNJᤇʶௐయ ڍᬄʼध ݼ ΍ၸఝܲᄉѫౡழก੊ఝ߸ؒ ځֽॕᄉገૈಕ౎͕ӐМన᝹ஶᄉᦠᎵ᝿ͤͳጆὋ ڙ М న᝹ஶክူழ᭦ᐐཤ̅ܲЊ˞ͳԟˀᄉክူഴयnj ڙ М నᄉᦠᎵ᝿ͤழ᭦Ὃၿ᜴̅ழ᠑ࠜࢿᡯ᫇ᮤᄉҪҚὋቆ ᫍМࣰڙۡࣉ᜺Ѳᮖ۪ԩҁఝܲСซὋФ˖М ڠ፮چᄉԺᖌ३ব੆˝᧗᜵ૈಕnjᆐቂܲ᧓Ԩఠ ৻ྱࡈ 6 ೜ᰍNj ԤԪ᧙ቆᫍᒬᄰСኍழก < Ὃ >ὋଉᝦʿՎ̠ᏅՉዜМన ᝹ஶᄉԺᖌ३বnj˶థᆐቂᤈʶ൥࠱ۡࣉΙহපࣰNj˓ ̠খऎԢᭉයኍጩЙМన᝹ஶᄉᦠᎵ͕Ӑ < >njМన᝹ஶ ክူழ᭦ᄉ੆౦ᤈʶ൥ᐐཤ̅ᆐቂܲЊ˞ͳᄉХͳ಴Β ࣲᤈᛠॅጩ঳ፆ֖଍ࣸὋुុМ͔ԟˀԢԺ૆፝বክူᄉ᧗᜵ব < >nj

NJNJᬣᅋǑ ளࠑڍ ۋۡ᪙Ӑ᜺Ѳ὇ _ ὈǒᄉѢԻὋ ଍ᤈМన᝹ஶКழͮᄉ͕Ӑ੆˝ڍ Ю᜺Ѳߥመᆐቂᄉள ᜵යnjᄰС੆౦ʿ̨СซМన᝹ஶᄉᦠᎵ֖ክူὋఝᐐ ཤ̅Ф஌ၸ᝿ͤὋ̾ପᇧМన᝹ஶ᜺Ѳत᝹ᄉဗߚ᫇ᮤ ࣲଡѢ͕Ӑን႔njʶழ᭦Ὃ۲̅ΘፋΞ᜼ᝇὋᦉѫߥᏧ ѽၸನࠚऎกNjᎩፎѫ­ౡกኍழกࠪМన᝹ஶᄉቆᫍ࣊ ࡌᤈᛠѫౡ᝿͈ὋԦဗܷᦉѫۡࣉМన᝹ஶյဗᬶ˖ӐNj ᜺ഴӐ࣊ࡌᄉྱཁὋߚ ڙ ቆᫍѫ࣊ʿڨ ᛥᄉ᫇ᮤ < >njԲ ʶழ᭦ὋፆՋᭉයΞ᜼ᝇὋߥᏧ͂᤯᣾฽ऎМన᝹ஶᄉԺ᣹বὋࠪФ஌ၸᤈᛠ᝿ͤ < >nj ڍ ЮߥᏧᝢ˝᤯᣾ϣК Мన᝹ஶᄉѫӜѫጞѫዜᦠᎵ­ͳጆὋᴁҴМ͔ԟˀ᜺Ѳ фንኍழय < Ὃ >ὋԺథ஌ଡᰳМన᝹ஶᄉԺ᣹বὋ͕Ӑ Мన᝹ஶᄉቆᫍ࣊ࡌnj

NJNJ঳ͳᏪᝒὋឞௐయ ڍ Юܰᄉᆐቂஜ᧙̮յဗʼӣখ ҸὋͭڍܰᔭ஠஠࿸ᄉܘࣧᤉᰳ̅ڍ Юnjढ፝˿ʼʶ᫼ ൿᄉ੆౦Ὃ ڍܰᔭ஠஠࿸ᄉᆐቂབཁС᪃ជ̮ᬶ˖ڙ Ժ ᣹ব὇BDDFTTJCJM­JUZὈNjഴ ۋ὇NPEFMὈNjክူ὇NBOBHFNFOU­Ὀ ኍὋՎௐѢဗᮟ൒᣽ᤳܘ᫁ὋᏪၶখጆፑనҫ὇FDPTZTUFN TFSWJDFὈኍၶ­খዜជ඼੆˝ளᄉབཁС᪃ជ὚ ஊࠑڍڙ ንᰳऎ᧗᜼Мన᝹ஶ͕ӐᦠᎵᄉᐿ௿ʽὋ ڍ ЮМన᝹ஶᄰСᆐቂᄉབऎ૆፝ӣຝὋþԺ᣹বÿNjþቆᫍ࣊ࡌÿ ኍᰳᮟС᪃ជ੆˝ᆐቂབཁὋ੆౦ஜ᧙૆፝ʼӣnj

ᆐቂখҸᆐѻ

NJNJ۲̅ࠪளˆጡ̾౎Мన᝹ஶᆐቂᄉС᪃ជ቉Ԫѫౡ ὇ᛪ ὈὋ ڍܰᔭ஠੆౦ᄉᆐቂူএյဗѢၿࣉڣ ᣀՓ̠ ఴӐNjᆐቂ ڠ۪ܲЊӐNjጸܢӐԢᇪ͗޴ͳࠪМన᝹ஶॕ ֽኍ቉ܘᄉখҸnjᯪЎὋᆐቂူএᤩຑၿࣉڣˀፂ฿ᣀ Փ̠ఴСকὋࣉڣ὇NBSLFUὈ֖ፂ฿὇FDPOPNZὈᄉᡐ ݼ ቉Ԫࣱ͊ᣖ௉ὋѫѾ௦ ࣱ֖ ࣱὋ˄቉Ԫ૆ ፝ௐᫍᣖ᫁Ὃ ڙڨ ࣱ̾ʼ὚ᬣᅋளМРనҫူ᝶ᄉ૆ ፝ຕᤨὋМൣ὇KVTUJDFὈNjѢ­ᛠᛠ˝὇USBWFM CFIBWJPSὈ ኍ̠ఴӐᄉС᪃ជ ڙ ࣱᄉѢဗᮟည௬ᗂӣᰳὋ੆˝ᆐቂСซᄉབཁnjФ൒Ὃᆐቂ ᣹Ԧၿ۪ڠ ڍࠑᄉฦుᆃ὇-PT "OHFMFTὈNjጰጝ὇/FX :PSL DJUZὈኍᤩຑՓԦࡘ ˖ڍࠑ὇EFWFMPQJOH DPVOUSZὈढႁ֖નࡘnj൤ܰὋᤂ ࣱ౎Мన᝹ஶᄉᆐቂˀጸܢӐ὇HFOUSJGJDB­UJPOὈNjۡࣉӐ ὇VSCBOJ[BUJPOὈኍᇪ͗ဗ៵ጊࠚᄰСnj

NJNJ ڍ ЮۡࣉМన᝹ஶᆐቂ੆౦յဗѢᆐቂࠪ៵ܲЊ ӐNjᆐቂࡆऎᐐཤӐNj­ᆐቂူএᣀՓ ڨ ኍӐNjᆐቂழก ஜߙӐᄉখҸ὇ᛪ ὈnjᯪЎὋᆐቂࠪ៵ᡕ̅˗ࠜܲЊnj

ґࣱ̾ ڍ ЮᆐቂԦၶ቉ԪᄉС᪃ជ̨˝ͳᐱ᝹ஶὋ ᒯ ࣱὋᆐቂ੆౦ध ݼ Ѣဗஓᐱ᝹ஶNjӝႤ᝹ஶNj஠ Ӑ᝹ஶኍ቉ԪС᪃ជὋ᝹ஶዜѾᡕ̅˗ࠜnjФ൒Ὃᆐቂ ࡆऎၿᇪӜᣀՓᇪӜၶ­า ړ njþᇪӜÿС᪃ជѢဗ­ᄉࣱ ͊ᣖ௉Ὃ˄቉Ԫ૆፝ௐᫍᰳ᣹ ࣱὋᛪ௙ᇪӜ௦ڍ ЮМ న᝹ஶᆐቂᄉ᧗᜵ࡆऎ὚̠͂௅࣡าҮ̓ज़ࠪᇪӜၶา ړ నҫ᝹ஶᄉΙᠺԢᇪӜၶา ړ᜺ѲᄉଡѢὋΧ΍þၶ า ړ ÿС᪃ជ੆˝ளᄉ቉ԪជὋᒬ धࣱ ݼ ቉Ԫ૆፝ ᒯ̬ὋᆐቂЮࠓఝҪᐐཤ̅ˀࡏඞ௅࣡ၶาࠚѬᄰСᄉМన᝹ஶnj൤ܰὋᆐቂူএၿۡࣉЮᦉМన᝹ஶᄉ͕Ӑ ᦠᎵᣀՓ଍ᤈۡ˸Мన᝹ஶᄉڨ ኍӐᦠᎵὋˀþ۲ఴМ Рనҫ ڨ ኍӐÿNjþள ۋۡ᪙ӐÿNjþ˸ె૜Тÿኍ ڍ ࠑஊን᜵යᄰ᤟ःnjణՐὋᬣᅋஜߙ੾శᄉԦࡘὋ۲̅ ຸܲஜ૵ᄉஜߙӐழก੆˝Мన᝹ஶᆐቂᄉ᧗᜵ࢹХnj

ڍ ЮܰۡࣉМРనҫ᝹ஶᄉ˞᜵ᆐቂЮࠓ NJNJ۲̅ࠪབཁС᪃ជԢᐐዜѫౡ­ᄉॅጩ঳ፆὋ ڍ Юܰ ۡࣉМన᝹ஶᄉᆐቂЮࠓ˞᜵ӉહМРనҫ᝹ஶᄉቆᫍ ᦠᎵNjஊንˀክူNj஌ၸ᝿ͤʻ˓ழ᭦὇ᛪ Ὀnj МРనҫ᝹ஶቆᫍᦠᎵ

ቆᫍᦠᎵԓѶὙ ڨ ኍӐ֖ᇪ͗Мࣰ NJNJМన᝹ஶᄉቆᫍᦠᎵᆐቂʶᄯᦏ௦ۡࣉ᜺Ѳߥመᄉ᧗ཁСซࠪ៵njᇪ͗Мࣰ௦ڍܰ஠࿸С̅ۡࣉМన᝹ஶᦠ ᎵԓѶᄉᆐቂ᧗ཁὋ࠱ʿՎᇪ͗ፂ฿࡚বᄉ̠Ꮕ֖Мన᝹ ஶቆᫍСᐎᤈᛠቆᫍМࣰব฽ऎ௦Ф˞᜵Юࠓ὇ڎ Ὀnj ᜴ழߥᏧώ࠭࠱ࣉڣ ఺҃लЙМРనҫᮖ۪Ὃ̾ଡᰳМన ᝹ஶᦠᎵ஌ညᄉஊንӳ૵ʼ᮲ὋΧ΍ ڍܰߥᏧఝ˝СซМ

IUUQ

OGK[ BSDI TDVU FEV DO

ᛪ ڍ ЮܰۡࣉМРనҫ᝹ஶᆐቂС᪃ជ቉Ԫѫౡᛪ

ᔭ஠቉Ԫជ

NBSLFU

FDPOPNZ

/FX :PSL DJUZ

-PT "OHFMFT

HFOUSJGJDB­UJPO

EFWFMPQJOH DPVOUSZ

VSCBOJ[BUJPO

(VBOH[IPV

KVTUJDF

USBWFM CFIBWJPS

ᆐቂЮࠓѫዜ ᦠᎵ ԓѶ

ᦠᎵ ழก

ஊንˀክ

ࠆ᜹ ஌ၸ

˞᜹ ஌ၸ

ुऎ

ᛪ ڍ ЮܰۡࣉМРనҫ᝹ஶᆐቂЮࠓС᪃ជѫዜ­ᛪ

KVTUJDF JOFRVBMJUZ

ᔭ஠С᪃ជ὇ᮟ൒Ὀ

NjFGGJDJFOD­Z

EJTQBSJUZ

NPEFM NjMBOE VTF TQBDF NjTZTUFN PQUJNJ[BUJPO

ڨ ኍӐ

ஓᐱ᝹ஶ

Ӑ᪙ۡ

ӝႤ᝹ஶ

஠Ӑ᝹ஶ

˸ె૜Т

ၶา ړ

ຸܲஜ૵

NjFRVJUZ Nj

Nj NjQBUUFSO Nj

QPMJDZ NjNBOBHFNFO­U Nj HPWFSOBODF NjHPWFSONFO­U Nj QVCMJD QBSUJDJQBU­JPO NjNBSLFU Nj FDPOPNZ

BDDFTTJCJM­JUZ FOWJSPONFO­U

ध ࣱ͊ݼ

ፆోࣱ͊

˖஠቉Ԫជ

NjQVCMJD USBOTQPSU NjRVBMJUZ

ͳᐱ ᯝڣ

ᇪӜ

Nj

IFBMUI NjEFNBOE NjCFIBWJPS Nj QFSDFQUJPO NjTBUJTGBDU­JPO

˖஠С᪃ជ὇ᮟ൒Ὀ

ڨ ኍӐ Nj̠̾˝ఴ NjМࣰব

ቆᫍ࣊ࡌ Ѳ᜺ࣉۡNj Nj ˃ᮉ᜺Ѳ NjቆᫍᦠᎵ ᝹ஶᦠ Ꮅ ᠪຸᦠᎵ

ۡ˸ፑኡ ளఝࣉۡ

Ժ᣹ব

Njۡ᪙Ӑ Nj Nj˸ె૜Т

˓ͳᛠ˝ Njᭉය Nj Θᭉӛᦠ ΘᭉСጆ ໗਒ऎ Nj᝿͈ న᝹ஶቆᫍ࣊ࡌᄉМࣰবԢ۲̅ʿՎᭉය̠ᏅᄉМࣰবࢿ ऩnjߥᏧ͂˞᜵᧓ၸఠ ৻ྱࡈ 6 ೜ᰍNjథࣿᄰСѫౡNj ԤԪ᧙ቆᫍᒬᄰСኍழกतበʿՎ­அЙNjࣱᴓNjሗிNj஠ ӐපࣰNjᇪ͗ڠͮᄉࡏඞˀஓᐱNjӝႤNj஠ͳ᝹ஶኍМన ᝹ஶ࣊ࡌᄉᐎጆ < Ὃ Ὃ >Ὃ̾൤ͺ˝ஊउષ൛ѫᦠ੊ክူᄉΙ૵ὋᤈᏪଡѢМన᝹ஶቆᫍᦠᎵфንnj NJNJˀڍܰᆐቂዜͪὋ᧜̅Мన᝹ஶᄉМРֵ̖࡚ব < >Ὃ

ुऎ

ध ࣱ͊ݼ

Nj̓᤯

ፆోࣱ͊

Nj

ڍ ЮߥᏧᝢ˝ቆᫍМࣰ֖ᇪ͗Мࣰ௦Мన᝹ஶᦠᎵᄉ᧗᜵ ԓѶnj௄థᆐቂ˞᜵̯᝹ஶஜ᧙֖᝹ஶ ᧙ˏ˓፤ऎଉᝦ Мన᝹ஶᦠᎵᄉቆᫍМࣰব < >ὋुុМన᝹ஶःࠃဗஜ᧙Nj

᧙ழ᭦ᄉڨ ኍӐᦠᎵ < Ὃ >nj ڙᇪ͗Мࣰழ᭦Ὃ ڍ Юߥ Ꮷ᤯᣾ࠃ᝼ᆐቂԦဗМన᝹ஶᦠᎵߚ ڙᇪ͗ѫऩ < >ὋᏤࣶ ̠ᏅNj˖ͯஅЙ̠ᏅNjܰ౎̠ᏅኍिҸᏅͳ ڙ ᖌԨМన᝹ ஶనҫழ᭦ज़ज़᭦˙ʿМὋ஋ଡѢМన᝹ஶᄉᦠᎵᭉᥕ९ ̠̾˝ఴԓѶὋ໗ᡛʿՎ᫼ࡎNjࣱᴓNjবѾNj஠Ӑᐿ௿̠ Ꮕᄉᭉය < >ὋࣲଡᰳМన᝹ஶᄉᏅͳ὇᫼ࡎὈԺ᣹ব < >nj

ቆᫍᦠᎵழก

NJNJ ڍܰߥᏧࠪМన᝹ஶᄉᦠᎵழกፂԊ˿̯௉యᄉ͛ ፑӜͮᤤસူ᝶ഴ ۋ ҁ۲̅ʿՎᭉයᄉܲᄫಕቆᫍᦠᎵ ഴ ۋᄉ͕ӐnjʼˆጡὋ$PPQFS ᯪЎ࠱᭻ͣࢹˉӜͮ᝶ः ၸҁМన᝹ஶ࣊ࡌᮖ۪Ὃ5FJU[ ᤈʶ൥࠱ள԰Цፂ฿ߥ˖ᄉМన᝹ஶӜͮѫࣰ࣊ᛥϛ᝹ጩЙҁಕэӐˀஜ᧙Ӑ­ᄉူ᝶ಳ౵˖nj൤ՐὋߥᏧ͂۲̅Ӝͮᤤસഴ ۋ ϡѢ˿ܷ ᧙ᄉଉጉὋ ڙݟ ഴ ۋ͕Ӑழ᭦ὋథߥᏧ΍ၸሧҮ଼ጉก ֖ˏ൥ሧҮ଼ጉก฽ऎᓹҪ׍ڠ ӜӻၶӝႤቆᫍనҫᔴ ډ ὋଡѢˏ൥ሧҮ଼ጉழกఝኤผэᆷ< >njཨᏪὋ᣾̅ ซ᧗Ӝͮᄉॕֽ௃ก໗ᡛܲЊӐᄉМన᝹ஶᦠᎵᄫಕὋ ʿՎᄉᄫಕ࠭Փᫍ̕Ժᑞ̖ၶу቉ < >njᬣᅋڠူζো੾ శˀӜͮᤤસഴ ۋᄉʿறፆՋὋ۲̅ܲᄫಕᄉМనᦠᎵ ழกᜁၸ̅ူ᝶͕ӐᆐቂԢ᜺Ѳࠃ᡺˖njథߥᏧ᤯᣾त በ۲̅᥋͛ኪกᄉܲᄫಕ͕ӐᦠᎵழกὋ౎ᝌфᯭຠள तӝႤ᝹ஶܲᄫಕу቉ᄉ᫇ᮤ < >Ὃ̕థߥᏧतበ˿۲̅ ̠Ꮕྱड़ᄉణ͕᜷ᄥழก֖ܲэѶфንѫౡก౎͕ӐܲᄫಕᄉМనᤤڦ࣊ࡌфን < >nj

NJNJ ڍ ЮС̅Мన᝹ஶᦠᎵழกᄉᆐቂ੆౦˞᜵Ӊહ᜺ Ѳಕэᆐቂ̾ԢӜͮфንѫౡˏழ᭦nj᜺Ѳಕэ௦ڍ Ю Мన᝹ஶᦠᎵᄉ˞᜵Ι૵ˀԟᏥὋ᜺Ѳߥᮖ۪ߥᏧࠪڍ ࠑဗథᄉᄰС᜺ѲಕэᤈᛠѫౡὋᝢ˝͛ፑᄉþӡ̠ૈ ಕÿNjþనҫӦफ़ÿኍ­ಕэࣂʿвቿՋॆґࡏඞࠪᎾ ݝ ၶาᄉᭉ᜵Ὃुុ̾þၶา ړ᜺ѲÿᄉழयᤈᛠМన᝹ஶ

< ᦠᎵὋࣲतበѫӜNjѫጞNjѫዜ­Мన᝹ஶᦠᎵͳጆ >nj ൤ܰὋ۲̅ڠူߥ᜼ᝇὋ ڍ ЮߥᏧᤆलЙ᜴ழӜͮᤤસူ ᝶̾ԢᄰСഴ ۋ ᤈᛠМన᝹ஶӜͮфንѫౡὋФ˖Ӝͮѫ

< > < >

ᦠഴ ۋ ̾Ԣ 7PSPOPJ ழก ௦࣡ၸᄉѫౡழกnj10* ஜ૵Nj̠ԯஜ૵ኍຸܲஜ૵˗ࠜ˿Мన᝹ஶᆐቂᄉஜ૵౎ ຸ < >Ὃ΍३Мన᝹ஶቆᫍᦠᎵᆐቂ቉ᆠ˿̾ज़ஜ૵ʿԺ ฽Njஜ૵ࡆऎᣖ࠴Njஜ૵ௐ஌বࢿኍࡌᬌবὋͭՎௐ˶̮ ཨߚ ڙࠪஜ૵ҮখԪӐᏥᘼᣖ࠵Ὃஜ૵ዜѾѲѫʿܴዴᆷኍ᫇ᮤnj

МРనҫ᝹ஶஊንˀክူ

NJNJ ڙ Мన᝹ஶஊንˀክူᆐቂழ᭦Ὃ ڍܰߥᏧᐐཤ̅

Θፋഴय˞ͳNjМన᝹ஶࣉڣ ӐNjМ͔ԟˀഴयኍᮖ۪nj ᜴ழ ڍࠑМన᝹ஶᄉΘፋഴय ڙ ፂԊ˿̯̃ੌՐӬஊउ Θፋҁஊउ֖͌ˉԤ˞ͳᐎՋΘፋഴयᄉᣀԪ­ՐὋ ࣱ ̼ᤈʶ൥Ԧࡘ˝ஊउNj˓̠Njࣉڣ ኍᐎՋᄉܲЊΘፋഴ यnjߥᏧ͂ࠪʿՎΘፋ˞ͳክူழयࡘध˿ᣖܲᆐቂὋ ڣࣉ˖Ф Ӑᄉॕֽ˝᧗ཁnj4IBX ೚ူѫౡ˿ᔭ ڍ ஊउࠪ ӝႤ᝹ஶМሒՋᖸᄉஊን੆஌Ὃुុሒ̠ᚷᠪ᝟Ѳᑞ΍ Мన᝹ஶ઴థሒᖸᦉ᫂ᄉ׷ˉาҦ֖஌ည < >Ὃ˶థߥᏧ ଡѢፂ฿ӿ఺ॕֽʽᎾ ڣࣉஶ᝹నМࠪࣉۡฮൖ֖ڍ Ӑ յဗʻሗԥःὙஊउђ࠵МРనҫஂѢNjஊउ᤯᣾ܰӉ ڣࣉၸѽ ባ́఺҃Njஊउ֖ࣉඞᤈᛠԥࣉڣ ӐᤁҮ < >nj థ ڍܰߥᏧଉቂ˿ள੾శࠪ̅М͔ԟˀழयᄉ଍ҮͺၸὋ ᝢ˝੾శࣰԻᄉत᝹ү଍ࡏඞᑞΦѽ ڠ ԟˀМన᝹ஶክ ူ < >὚̕థߥᏧ̾ࠃᬄ಴Β˝۲ᆨὋଉᝦʿՎМ͔ԟˀ ழयࠪМన᝹ஶክူᄉॕֽ < >nj

NJNJ ڍ ЮߥᏧ˞᜵̯ክူဗ࿃֖இؒˠଏˏழ᭦धࡘМ న᝹ஶஊንˀክူᄉᆐቂnj᝴ܲߥᏧ۲̅ࠃ᝼಴ΒଡѢ ڍ ЮМన᝹ஶክူ˞᜵ߚ ڙ̖ాԢክူ˞ͳʿຌఀNj΍ ၸညʿᰳNjᎤ˫௅࣡፤એNjᤁᖸᠪ᧚ʿᡛኍ᫇ᮤ < ࣲὋ> ̯ஊንֽःNjύ᧜ڍܰМన᝹ஶፂᰍˏ˓ழ᭦ଉᝦ˿இ ؒМన᝹ஶክူဗ࿃ᄉን႔njᬣᅋ۲ఴМР­నҫ ڨ ኍӐNj ۡ˸ፑኡԦࡘNjள ۋۡ᪙ӐኍஊንᄉଡѢὋ ڍ ЮߥᏧᄰፘଉᝦ˿ᄰःᄉМన᝹ஶᤁᖸክူழय < >Ὃѽၸஊንࢹ Х͕ӐМన᝹ஶᄉክူৰхnjՎௐὋ ڍ ЮߥᏧ᤯᣾೚ူ ፆ঳֖ ڍܰМన᝹ஶᄉክူፂᰍὋुុᖌԨ᭣ᖸѽጷጺNj ᭣ஊउጷጺኍᇪ͗Ҧ᧙ஂ૆ᄉ᧗᜵বὋलЙ 111Nj#05 ኍள ۋ ᤁᖸክူഴय < >Ὃ˝ڍ ЮМన᝹ஶᄉᤁᖸክူଡ Θ˿ԟᏥnj

МРనҫ᝹ஶ஌ၸ᝿ͤ

ࠆ᜹஌ၸὙԺ᣹ব฽ऎ

NJNJ ڍܰߥᏧࠪМన᝹ஶᄉࠆ᜹஌ၸ᝿͈ᐐཤ̅Ժ᣹বᄉᆐቂὋܲѢဗ ڙۡࣉ᜺Ѳߥመᮖ۪Ὃ ٹ હʿՎዜѾԺ ᣹বЮ๯Nj฽ऎழกԢॕֽځ ገnjᯪЎὋԺ᣹ব฽ऎ੆ ౦˞᜵̯ΘፋΞ֖ᭉයΞˏழ᭦ѬЙὋΘፋΞᄉ੆౦ܲ ΍ၸᎀуӜѫౡNjನࠚऎ­ѫౡNjᎩፎѫౡኍழก < Ὃ >Ὃ ᤯᣾᝿ͤӬЊ᭦ሤЮМన᝹ஶஜ᧙౎฽ऎᆐቂᔴ ډ ЮМ న᝹ஶᄉԺ᣹ব὚ᭉයΞᆐቂѶᏥᘼ˿ࡏඞѢᛠᄉᛯђ ֖౜ᬌᡯሎኍ᜵ገὋழกӉહణᆀᡯሎ­กNj᧗Ҧഴ ۋ กNj

< Ὃ > ˏ൥ሧҮ଼ጉกNjణ࠴஺ᛠ੆ఴก ኍnj࠱ᭉයΞ֖ ΘፋΞᄉځ ገጩЙഴ ۋ˖࠱͗΍Ժ᣹বᄉ฽ऎఝҪэᆷὋ ᤇ࠱௦ᤈʶ൥ᄉᆐቂழՓnjФ൒ὋМన᝹ஶԺ᣹ব฽ऎ Ӊહቆᫍ฽ऎԢ᭣ቆᫍ฽ऎὋॆґܷܲஜᄉᆐቂᦏСซ ቆᫍᡯሎᄉ҃ጝὋᏪ஠ӐපࣰNjሗிኍ᭣ቆᫍځ ገᄉ҃ ጝ ڙ Ժ᣹ব᝿ͤ˖̕ӳథ᧗᜵ڠͮ < >ὋᄰСଉᝦ̮థय़

ຆӐnjМన᝹ஶԺ᣹বᄉॕֽځ ገӉહ᝹ஶనҫᑞҦNj ̓᤯ᡸᎩৰхኍࠆ᜹ځ ገὋ˶Ӊહ˓̠ѢᛠᮟညNjѢᛠ ਒ਜኍ˞᜹ځ ገ < >nj

NJNJˀڍܰᆐቂᄰͪὋ ڍ ЮߥᏧ˞᜵᤯᣾฽ऎМన᝹ஶᄉԺ᣹বࠪФࠆ᜹஌ၸᤈᛠ᝿͈὇ڎ ὈὋФ˖ࠪஓᐱ᝹ ஶNjӝႤ᝹ஶNjͳᐱ᝹ஶኍӬዜ᝹ஶᄉԺ᣹ব฽ऎ௦ཤཁὋᆐቂழก˞᜵Ӊહˏ൥ሧҮ଼ጉกNjನࠚऎกNjᎀу­Ӝ ѫౡกNjణᆀௐᫍᡯሎกኍ < Ὃ >njܲዜ᝹ஶᄉ፫ՋԺ᣹ বපࣰ฽ऎ௦Ժ᣹বᆐቂᄉ᧗᜵ૌੌὋᄫґ ڍ ЮᄰСᆐቂᣖ࠵ὋᙉథߥᏧ ڙ Ӭዜ᝹ஶԺ᣹ব฽ऎழกᄉ۲ᆨʼ लЙ྄Ϙก < >Nj஌ၸก < > ኍழกὋ̮ͭథय़ຆЙଉᝦnj ൤ܰὋʶ̎ߥᏧᤆࠪМన᝹ஶԺ᣹বᄉॕֽځ ገᤈᛠଉ ቂὋԦဗ̓᤯ᡸᎩNjԊԽ஠ӐNjࣉڣ ፂ฿Njஊउክူኍ ځ ገࠪМన᝹ஶԺ᣹বХథ᧗᜵ᄉॕֽ < >nj

˞᜹஌ၸὙࡏඞᭉයԢ໗਒ऎ

NJNJ ڍܰ᝴ܲߥᏧ̯΍ၸᏧᄉᝇऎѢԦࠪМన᝹ஶᤈᛠ ᝿ͤὋФ˖΍ၸᏧᭉයԢФࠪМన᝹ஶᄉ໗਒ऎ௦᧗᜵ᆐቂЮࠓnjᇪ͗ߥᮖ۪ࣂథᆐቂѫౡ˿ʿՎࣱᴓNjஅЙNj ஠ӐපࣰNjሗிࡏඞᄉᭉයࢿऩ < >nj ڍܰࠪМన᝹ஶ໗ ਒ऎᄉᆐቂ๗Ԣ᝹ஶᄉቆᫍᦠᎵԢ ᧙᝿͈Nj᥵᧖߶К ኍழ᭦Ὃᝢ˝ᤇ̎ځ ገࠪࡏඞᄉМన᝹ஶ໗਒ऎథ᧗᜵ ֽॕ < >njፆౝழርഴ ۋ < >Njܲࡎ൒ٿॅഴ ۋ < > ኍ௦᧙ ऎМన᝹ஶ໗਒ऎॕֽځ ገᄉ࣡ၸழกnjࠪᖻડਿᖻࣉᄉᆐቂԦဗὋ˓̠খऎ֖ᭉයNjۡࣉΙহऎԢஓᐱපࣰ ࠪМన᝹ஶ໗਒ऎథሤ౜ॕֽ < >nj

NJNJˀڍܰᄰͪὋ ڍ ЮߥᏧ˶˞᜵̯΍ၸᏧᭉයѫౡ֖ ໗਒ऎࠪМన᝹ஶᄉ஌ၸᤈᛠ᝿ͤnjߥᏧ͂ᝢ˝ʿՎᏅ ͳࠪМన᝹ஶᄉᭉයϟ ߚ˶ݝ ऩࢿڙ < Ὃ >Ὃࡏඞၶ֐ֆ యNjஅЙපࣰ௦Ф᧗᜵ॕֽځ ገ < >njཨᏪॆґᄉМన᝹ ஶᦠᎵज़ज़঒႔˿ʿՎᏅͳᭉයᄉࢿऩὋࣲߚ ڙ̠Ꮕᭉ යខѾ֖ӛᦠʿܴዴэᄉ᫇ᮤὋ̯Ꮺ࠭ᒰМన᝹ஶᦠᎵᄉʿՋူnj NJNJԲܰὋ΍ၸᏧᄉ໗਒ऎᄯଋᛪड़˿Мన᝹ஶ஌ၸ͕

IUUQ

OGK[ BSDI TDVU FEV DO ҭ < >nj ڍ ЮߥᏧʶᓉ᤯ ᣾᫇ԃុಉNj᝺ៀኍழ กଉᝦ΍ၸᏧࠪМన᝹ ஶᄉ໗਒ऎὋᤈᏪ᝿ͤᆐቂӜ۪ЮʿՎዜ ۋ М న᝹ஶᄉ ᧙͕ҭ < >nj ۲̅໗਒ऎපࣰѫౡὋ ڍ ЮߥᏧᤆᤈʶ൥᧓ၸ фንಝѫౡኍ߿᧙ழก ᣱౡМన᝹ஶ໗਒ऎᄉځֽॕ ገὋࣲ࠱Мన᝹ ஶ໗਒ऎᄉॕֽځ ገॅጩ˝᝹ஶ్͇Ԣ΍ၸᏧ˓ͳ࡚ব ˏழ᭦Ὑ ڙ᝹ஶ్͇ழ᭦ὋМన᝹ஶᄉనҫ ᧙Nj̓᤯ Φ૸ርऎNjဖܑ ᧙ኍࠪ΍ၸᏧᄉ໗਒ऎХథ᧗᜵ॕֽ὚ ڙ˓ͳ࡚বழ᭦Ὃ΍ၸᏧᄉࣱᴓNjবѾNj஠Ӑርऎኍ ڨ ˝᧗᜵ᄉॕֽځ ገ < >nj

МРనҫ᝹ஶᆐቂ᝿ᤗ֖ల౎ࡘభ

ᆐቂဗ࿃঳ፆ NJNJ಩૵Ԧ஠᧙ᡕҸ֖ஊንᐿ௿Ὃ࠱ளˆጡ̾౎ڍ Юܰ Мన᝹ஶᆐቂѲѫ˝ᡐ൥యNjʼӣయNjԦࡘయʻ˓᫼ൿὋᆐቂஜ᧙ڨ յဗܘ᫁খҸnj ڍ Юܰ੆౦ࠪМన᝹ஶ˞᜵ᄉᆐቂழՓᄰͪὋ ڨ ӉહቆᫍᦠᎵNjஊንˀክူNj஌ၸ ᝿ͤʻ˓ழ᭦njМన᝹ஶቆᫍᦠᎵழ᭦ᆐቂ੆౦࠱ᇪ͗ Мࣰ֖ቆᫍМࣰͺ˝᧗᜵ᄉᦠᎵԓѶὋᦠᎵழก­ᆐቂ˞ ډ᜵ ፈӜͮᤤસူ᝶ഴ ۋᄉ͕Ӑधࡘ὚ ڙ Мన᝹ஶክူᆐቂ˖ὋߥᏧुុ௙ఀክူ˞ͳὋलЙᇪ͗Ҧ᧙֖ࣉڣ ఺҃ࠃဗМన᝹ஶ̖ˉӐᄉ᧗᜵ব὚஌ၸ᝿ͤᆐቂѫ˝ ˞᜹֖ࠆ᜹஌ၸ᝿ͤὋ˞᜹஌ၸ๗Ԣࡏඞᭉය֖Мన᝹ ஶ໗਒ऎὋࠆ᜹஌ၸᆐቂ˞᜵๯ᄥԺ᣹ব฽ऎԢФॕֽ ځ ገѫౡnjཨᏪ௄థ੆౦ڙᆐቂူ᝶NjழกNjЮࠓͳጆ ʻ˓ழ᭦̮ߚ ڙʿᡛὋᆐቂͳጆథय़­ᤈʶ൥߸ؒnj

ᆐቂߚ ڙʿᡛ঳ፆ

NJNJኃʶὋ ڍ Ю௄థМన᝹ஶᄉᆐቂ੆౦ܲ۲̅͛ፑӜ ͮူ᝶Ὃ࠵థளᮢူ᝶ल̭Ὃူ᝶ᄉఴ ڗ ӐѸளథय़ुӐnj ڍ ЮᄉᄰСᆐቂ௦ڙ ߥ˷֖ύ᧜ڍܰူ᝶֖ழกᄉ۲ᆨʼԦࡘᡐ౎ᄉὋ ڙݟ Мన᝹ஶቆᫍᦠᎵழ᭦Ὃ ڍ ЮߥᏧ लЙ˿᜴ழӜͮᤤસူ᝶ഴ กழ֖ۋ ݟ Ӝͮѫᦠഴ ۋ Nj 7PSPOPJ ழกኍᤈᛠѫౡ὚ ڙ Мన᝹ஶ஌ၸ᝿ͤழ᭦Ὃ ڍ Юᆐቂ˞᜵᧓ၸ ڍܰߥᏧ͕ЎଡѢᄉణᆀᡯሎกNj­ˏ൥ ሧҮ଼ጉกኍழกᤈᛠᆐቂnj­ᦉѫߥᏧᙉࠪलᒬ᜴ழᄉഴ ۋ֖ழกᤈᛠ˿ኪกʼᄉ͕ӐὋͭ಩ೱ̅ఴ ڗࠃᬄᄉူ᝶ଉᝦᄰࠪ൑Ꭴnjʶழ᭦Ὃ ڍ ЮМన᝹ஶᄉΘፋ˞ͳ ˞᜵˝ஊउὋ ڣࣉ̅۲ܰڍ ӐᄉМన᝹ஶӜͮᤤસ֖ክ

ူူ᝶ࣲʿ߸К᤟ၸ̅˖ڍ njԲʶழ᭦Ὃ௄థᆐቂ੝᧓ ၸᄉຸ̅ڍܰឥܑᄉူ᝶֖ழกࠪঋᤳۡ᪙Ӑ੝࠭ᒰᄉМన᝹ஶᦠᎵᭉයԪӐᎤ˫ЌѫᏥ᧙ὋᏪ ளࠑڍ ᪙ۡۋ Ӑੌ႔࠭ՓʽᄉМన᝹ஶᦠᎵူ᝶֖ழกଉᝦ˶థय़ຆ Ӑnj̠̾˝ఴᄉள ۋۡ᪙Ӑੌ႔ࠪ̅Мన᝹ஶᦠᎵ᤟ः বᄉ᜵යఝᰳὋᭉ᜵ఝܲᄉþଋ ڠ චÿᆐቂူ᝶౎ஂଢ଼ ࠃ᡺nj NJNJኃ̃ὋМన᝹ஶᆐቂழกᄉመߥব֖᤟ၸব̮ᭉҪ ुὋΘᭉഴ ۋ˖ᄉૈಕಕэԢФా᧗ᄉՋူবNjஜ૵ᖌ Ԩᄉጆፑবథय़͕Ӑnj ڍ ЮܰМన᝹ஶᆐቂ᧓ၸᄉѫౡ ഴ ڙ˝ܲۋ Ӝͮ᝶۲ᆨʼᄉ૆͕፝ӐὋ᧜̅Չѫౡഴ ۋ ᦏߚ ڙ͕ཁ֖ࡌᬌὋᭉ᜵ुӐ಩૵Хͳᄉ᫇ᮤ֖ᄫಕ౎ ᤤસ੊ᏧᚷՋʿՎᦠᎵழก֖ഴ ۋ ழ᭦ᄉᝦ᝶nj൤ܰὋᆐቂஜ૵ज़ज़۲̅౼ʶྱ߿౎ຸԢௐᫍ੔᭦Ὃᬱ̾҈ႆ Мన᝹ஶᄉҮখԪӐὋૈಕా᧗˶ܲ෸ၸґ̠ᆐቂὋ঒ ᜼˿ࠃᬄ΍ၸᏧᄉᭉයˀਕԩnj NJNJኃʻὋʿՎߥመ᜼ᝇࠪМన᝹ஶᄉЮࠓͳጆᆐቂథ य़ᤈʶ൥ुӐСᐎnj ڍ ЮܰߥᏧ̯ڠူߥNj᜺ѲߥNjክ ူߥNjᇪ͗ߥኍߥመ᜼ᝇࠪМన᝹ஶᦠᎵᤈᛠ˿ܷ᧙ࠃ ᝼ᆐቂὋͭՉߥመᆐቂСซᄉពᮤˀΞ᧗ཁʿՎὋߥመ ᫍᄉСᐎऎ̮థय़ुӐnj ڠူߥNj᜺ѲߥNjክူߥᆐቂ ˞᜵۲̅ΘፋΞ᜼ᝇСซМన᝹ஶᄉቆᫍᦠᎵˀክူὋ ܲ̾ྱ߿Ӝ۪ᄉ౼ʶዜ ۋ᝹ஶͺ˝ᆐቂࠪ៵ᤈᛠѫౡὋ ࠪ˓ͳᄉᭉය֖໗਒ऎᆐቂᄰࠪ൑Ꭴnjᇪ͗ߥᆐቂѶ˞ ᜵۲̅ᭉයΞ᜼ᝇСซʿՎࣱᴓNjஅЙNj᫼ࡎNjሗிᏅ ͳࠪ̅Мన᝹ஶᄉᭉයࢿऩὋͭࠪМన᝹ஶᦠᎵᄉΘፋ Ξ఺҃థ൑Ꮵᘼnj൤ܰὋၿ̅Չߥመᮖ۪ᄉពឥͳጆథ ੝ࢿऩὋᆐቂ੆౦ߚ ڙʶ߿ᄉҞᜇবὋߥመ˧ᫍᄉСᐎ ֖ᚷՋథय़Ҫुnj

ల౎ᆐቂࡘభ

NJNJ᧪ࠪॆґМన᝹ஶᆐቂ੆౦ߚ ڙᄉʿᡛὋፆՋॆґ ڍࠑஊን᜵ය֖ᇪ͗ᄉСซབཁὋల౎ۡࣉМన᝹ஶᆐቂԺ̾ڙ̾ʽʻ˓ழ᭦धࡘὙ NJNJᯪЎὋःበᡛ̅˖ڍࠃ᡺ὋुӐఴ ڗ Ӑᄉူ᝶ଉᝦnj ڍ̅᧜ Юܰᄉ҃ऎဖܑឥܑߚ ڙ௙௬ࢿऩὋ ڍ ЮМన᝹ ஶᦠᎵᄉᆐቂः಩ೱ̅˖ڍڍ ৰ֖ڍࠑஊን࠭ՓὋधࡘ ఴ ڗ Ӑᄉူ᝶ଉᝦԢѸளnj ݟ᭦ࠪளᄉӐ᪙ۡۋ ੌࠑڍ ႔ὋМన᝹ஶᆐቂ੆౦ᭉሤ౜ଉጉ᤟ःளௐ̼ᄉ᝹ஶᦠ ᎵNjክူူ᝶ଉᝦὋ͕ӐѸளМన᝹ஶᦠᎵழก̾ଡӣ ᝹ஶᄉ᤟ःবnjः۲̅̾ஊउͺ˝Мన᝹ஶΘፋ˞ͳᄉࠃᬄὋࠪलЙᄉ᜴ழူ᝶ᤈᛠ᤟ၸবᝦ᝶Ԣ͕ӐὋҪु ଡᰳۡ˸Мన᝹ஶ ڨ ᛥব֖Мࣰবපࣰᄉူ᝶ଉᝦὋԦ ࡘఴ ڗ Ӑᄉူ᝶ಳ౵nj NJNJФ൒Ὃᭉ᜵፫Ջ΍ၸຸܲஜ૵ὋҪुࠪۡࣉМన᝹ ஶᦠᎵழกመߥব֖᤟ၸবᄉଉጉnj᧪ࠪ௄థᆐቂࠪѫ ӜѫጞѫዜᦠᎵͳጆᄉ­ଉᝦ˞᜵ᬶ˖̅ူ᝶ഏএࡎ᭦Ὃ ঒᜼˿ࠃᬄ΍ၸᏧᭉයˀਕԩᄉ᫇ᮤὋల౎Ժ᤯᣾፫Ջ ΍ၸ 10*Nj੣఺ζ̽Nj-#4 ̠ᏅႆϷNjᎩፎ᝿᝶ஜ૵ኍ ຸܲஜ૵Ὃఝመߥዴэ ڠԦଇʿՎ̠ᏅࠪМన᝹ஶᄉࢿ ऩӐᭉයnjФ˖ึҮবᣖᰳᄉۡࣉ੊ڠ Ӝ὇ݟ̠ԯܰึὈ ֖Ꮕͳ὇ݟͯஅЙNjγሜੜNjᏤࣱ̠ԢЇቧὈ࠱੆˝ల ౎ᆐቂᭉ᜵Сซᄉ᧗ཁnj᧜̅ՉዜМన᝹ஶᄉत᝹ԩᠪ ᧚Njܲᦉ᫂ክူኍܲழ᭦ځ ገᄉॕֽὋߚ ڙ त੆ௐᫍ໔ Րኍ᫇ᮤὋѽၸܲௐᫍ੔᭦ஜ૵धࡘҮখ᝿ͤ࠱੆˝ளᄉᆐቂ᧗ཁnj NJNJణՐὋःܘुߥመ᜼ᝇᄉܲЊবὋ߸ؒМన᝹ஶᆐቂᄉူ᝶ಳ౵ͳጆnjМన᝹ஶᄉቆᫍᦠᎵNjஊንክူ̾ Ԣ஌ၸ᝿ͤᭉ᜵ʿՎߥመᄉРՎஂଢ଼nj ځ൤ὋᭉुӐ௄ థ ڠူߥNj᜺ѲߥNjክူߥኍՉߥመᮖ۪ᆐቂᄉСᐎὋ ࣲ࠱ॶူߥNjᇪ͗ߥኍᄰСߥመጩЙМన᝹ஶᆐቂὋ̯ ܲߥመᚷՋᄉᆐቂ᜼ᝇԜःࠪМన᝹ஶᦠᎵᄉܬఽ᫇ᮤnj ʶழ᭦Ὃᭉ࠱Θፋ֖ᭉයᄰፆՋὋຆЙ્ଇМన᝹ஶΘ ፋᦠᎵࠪ̅ࡏඞᭉයᄉॕֽὋ಩૵ࡏඞᭉයଡѢþ̠̾ ˝ఴÿᄉМన᝹ஶᦠᎵ͕Ӑን႔njԲʶழ᭦Ὃःࠪ௄థᄉࠃ᝼ᆐቂ੆౦ᤈᛠѕጶ঳ፆὋुӐࠪ௾᤟ব᜺।ᄉଉ ᝦὋ߸ؒᆐቂಳ౵ᄉူ᝶ͳጆὋү଍ఴ ڗ ӐМన᝹ஶᦠ Ꮅူ᝶ᄉԦࡘnj

ڎ Njᛪ౎ຸ

᮷ѝമǃ㺘൷⭡֌㘵㔈ࡦDŽ

ԟᏥ஠࿸

> @ᆉᗧ㣣ˈ〖㩗ˈ⊸ኡˊ෾ᐲޜޡᴽ࣑䇮ᯭ䝽㖞⹄ウ䘋ኅоኅ ᵋ >-@ˊ⧠ԓ෾ᐲ⹄ウˈ ˈ ˖

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> @〻亪⾪ˈ⽱ᯠॾˈ䠁ᱏᱏˈㅹ ഭ޵ཆޜޡᴽ࣑䇮ᯭオ䰤ᐳ ተ⹄ウ䘋ኅ >-@ ✝ᑖൠ⨶ˈ ˈ ˖

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