The happiest countries in the

People living in Switzerland are the most satisfied with their lives for the second consecutive year, according to the Better Life Index. The study, published annually by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), reported that United States failed to crack the top 10 for the fourth consecutive year, while neighbors Mexico and Canada did.

The Better Life Index rates the 34 OECD member nations, as well as Brazil and the Russian Federation, on 11 variables that contribute to a high quality of life, including income, education, housing, health, and life satisfaction. 24/7 Wall St. reviewed the 11 countries with the highest life satisfaction score.

One of the most important factors contributing to higher life evaluations is the presence of healthy job market. Of the 11 nations with the highest levels of life satisfaction, nine were among the top ten nations by employment rate, measured as the percentage of the working-age population that is employed.

By contrast, nations with low life satisfaction scores typically had high unemployment rates. In Greece, the nation with the lowest life satisfaction score, 27.3% of the workforce was unemployed in 2013, the highest rate in the OECD. Similarly, low-scoring Poland, Hungary and Portugal all had high unemployment rates.

According to Romina Boarini, head of monitoring well-being and progress, at the OECD, jobs provide financial security, but they also impact a person’s mental well-being. “When people lose jobs they don’t just lose a salary, they really lose out on their ability to be connected to society.”

Good health also contributes to life satisfaction. In eight of the 11 countries, a higher-than-average proportion of residents described their health as at least “good.” In Canada, 88% of respondents rated their health as “good” or better, well above the OECD-wide 69%. Life expectancies were also quite high in many of these nations. In Switzerland, the top-rated nation for life satisfaction, the average life expectancy was 82.8 years, the highest of any country reviewed by the OECD.

Boarini noted that low life satisfaction can also negatively effect health, telling 24/7 Wall St. that “There’s also a lot of evidence that when people are not very satisfied with their lives it has a negative impact on their health.”

Another factor that may contribute to residents’ life satisfaction scores in many of these nations is government spending, which includes transfer payments to citizens and purchases of goods and services. The governments of eight of the 11 top nations with the highest life satisfaction scores outspent the U.S., as a percentage of GDP, in 2013. Similarly, most spent more than the OECD average of 41.7% of GDP.

In the U.S., life satisfaction continued to drop, from 14th in last year’s report to 17th in this year’s report. This is despite the fact the U.S. led all nations in both disposable income and household net wealth per capita. One reason, Boarini highlighted, was that inequality remained pervasive in the United States. “We do know the more unequally the income is distributed the lower the life satisfaction.” In fact, according to