ARAB WORLD Qatar Crisis Creating New Gulf: Experts
The year-old acrimonious dispute between Qatar and its neighbours is forging a “new” Gulf, potentially transforming what was a stable region of the Arab world, experts warned.
It has shattered old alliances and rendered the six-nation Gulf Cooperation Council practically obsolete, pushing Qatar towards Turkey and Iran.
With no sign of a resolution, it is unclear if any party has benefited.
“In its impact on the regional unit in the Arab Gulf, the crisis is likely to be as disruptive and as era-defining as Saddam Hussein’s invasion and occupation of Kuwait was in 1990,” said Dr Kristian Ulrichsen, a fellow at the Baker Institute at Rice University in Texas.
“It is very difficult to see how the Arab Gulf can come back together.”
The crisis involving some of the world’s richest countries erupted on June 5 last year as Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Bahrain and Egypt suddenly cut all ties with Doha, accusing it of supporting terrorism and Iran.
Qatar, a small peninsula nation, found its only land border closed, its state-owned airline barred from using its neighbours’ airspace and Qatari residents expelled from the boycotting countries.
Doha was handed a list of 13 demands, including closing broadcaster removing Turkish troops from the country and scaling back its cooperation with Iran, with which it shares the world’s largest gas field.
Qatar has done none of these. Instead it has responded defiantly by dismissing the charges and courting new diplomatic and trading links.
The cold war in the desert has lingered, although Qatar still supplies the UAE with gas.
Meanwhile, Qatar has increasingly tied itself to Turkey - while straining relations between Riyadh and Ankara - and extended its reach far beyond the Gulf. Last month, Qatar’s Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al-Thani thanked Iran for its support during the crisis.
“I don’t think it is too far-fetched to say that new power centres in the Middle East are emerging,” said Dr David Roberts, an assistant professor at King’s College London.
Widely seen as a bid by Saudi Arabia and the UAE to bring to heel Qatar and its support for the Muslim Brotherhood and Hamas, the gamble has not paid off - yet. While their regional ambitions may have been overstretched, Riyadh and Abu Dhabi have indicated this is a power play for the long haul.
According to newspaper, Saudi Arabia has written to French President Emmanuel Macron warning of “military action” if Qatar goes ahead with its planned purchase of a Russian air defence missile system.
Qatar is already picking up the tab as it absorbs the huge costs of regional isolation, despite its vast wealth in gas resources.
“As for winners and losers, there are clearly no winners thus far, and in many ways everyone has been a loser,” said Dr Christopher Davidson, a Middle East politics professor at Durham University.
Without a clear winner, the Gulf crisis is largely seen by the outside world as a bewildering spat between indistinguishable former allies.
Mediation efforts have been led by Kuwait and the United States, which has its largest Middle East air base in Qatar. US President Donald Trump seemed firmly behind the Saudis at first, but has since urged a peaceful outcome. Kuwaiti Deputy Foreign Minister Khaled al-Jarallah said diplomatic efforts are “ongoing”.
“The latest of these efforts and ideas will be presented during a Gulf-American summit in September, and this summit will be an opportunity to end this crisis,” he said.