New test for detecting common cancers shows promise
MIAMI — A new blood test for cancer has shown promise in detecting eight kinds of tumors before they have spread elsewhere in the body, offering hope of early detection, researchers said on Thursday.
Further study is needed before the test — called CancerSEEK — can be made widely available for its expected cost of about $500, said the report in the journal Science.
The study, led by researchers at Johns Hopkins University, involved 1,005 patients whose cancer — already diagnosed based on their symptoms — was detected with an accuracy rate of about 70 percent overall.
Cancers were detected in the ovaries, liver, stomach, pancreas, esophagus, colorectal area, lungs and breasts.
For five of these cancer types — ovary, liver, stomach, pancreas and esophagus — there are no screening tests available for people of average risk.
The test was able to detect these five with a sensitivity range of 69 to 98 percent.
In 83 percent of cases, the test was able to narrow down where the cancer was located anatomically.
The test is noninvasive and based on combined analysis of DNA mutations in 16 cancer genes as well as the levels of 10 circulating protein biomarkers.
“The ultimate goal of CancerSEEK is to detect cancer even earlier — before the disease is symptomatic,” said the report.
Outside experts said more research is needed to uncover the true accuracy of the test and whether it would be able to detect cancers before they cause symptoms.
“This looks promising, but with several caveats, and a significant amount of further research is needed before we can even contemplate how this might play out in screening settings,” said Mangesh Thorat, deputy director of the Barts Clinical Trials Unit at Queen Mary London.
“The sensitivity of the test in stage I cancer is quite low, about 40 percent, and even with stage I and II combined it appears to be around 60 percent. So the test will still miss a large proportion of cancers at the stage where we want to diagnose them.” University of