Digitisation changes manufacturing paradigm in India
Industry 4.0, big data, the Internet of Things (Iot) and the digital factory are terms being pitched around lately. It would be interesting to look at their origin and see how the concepts they represent are changing the manufacturing paradigm in India. Originating in Germany, Industry 4.0 was planned as a coordinated initiative of the IT world, universities and various manufacturing associations, designed to reshape industry. Now being adopted globally, Industry 4.0, seeks to combine the physical, virtual, IT and cyber systems, to create a new environment in the workplace. The 4.0 part of the name refers to the fourth industrial revolution, the predecessors being mechanisation, mass production and computerisation, which led to the modern concepts of IT and automation.
Industry 4.0 is less about the future and more about a vibrant collaboration among IT, machine builders, industrial automation integrators and motion control suppliers. This last group is especially important because their products function at the heart of the machines, simultaneously effecting motion, then gathering and transmitting the relevant data to the appropriate control link in the company’s infrastructure. With the recent, rapid expansion of application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) capability, much more functionality can be built into a product today and this means the manufacturing community must be even more flexible and responsive, not merely reactive, than ever before.
Therefore, the key is getting appropriate data to those who need it the most. The mobile device, tablet, cell phone and now the human-machine-interface (HMI) are all useful tools in transmitting the most important data from the shop floor to the top floor, or just down the hall to the front office. (Even the small shop owner has to heed this trend and respond appropriately).
According to an industry expert, “In the motion control and communication platform world, where customers task us with the control, generation or application of movement on everything from a machine tool to an automotive assembly line, we see a great variety of needs among original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) as well as end-users. All of them require flexibility and often highly customised solutions for their manufacturing or processing challenges. Plus, maintaining high productivity on aging equipment concerns every company. Is it better to retrofit an existing machine or buy a new one? What is the best mix of robots and skilled operators? Is the answer better asset management or an entirely new business model? Our answers must be based not only on product, but also on software, communication, bus protocol and other areas of expertise.”
He further said, “Likewise, the issue of cybersecurity cannot be understated, as we will soon see a shift from the open to the closed cloud for data storage in a factory or shop network. Protecting intellectual property remains paramount on a global scale today. This effort must involve the suppliers also. While
technology is key, companies are most productive when they can trust their suppliers, especially those who promote a “defence in depth” approach to cybersecurity.”
Another key area is energy management. The more a machine can do with less energy, the more efficient and profitable it becomes. For example, the simple notion of regenerative energy (using an electrical motor to generate electricity as it slows to a stop) can be monitored and manipulated by today’s smart drives, putting power back onto the grid or using it to run another equipment.
Lastly, safety must be considered a priority in digitalisation, not only because it protects workers, but also it contributes to overall efficiency and the profit picture. Fewer accidents happen when repairs are made promptly and equipment is replaced before a malfunction hurts someone. Both preventive and predictive maintenance protocols must be implemented.
A connected digital factory and the big data it generates provide manufacturers with the insight and agility required to compete. Digitalisation gives manufacturers the capability to increase productivity across their entire value chain, from design and engineering to production, sales and service, with integrated feedback throughout the process. The results are faster time-to-market, greater flexibility and higher availability of systems on the plant floor. Digitalisation can be a flexible process, adopted at a pace that fits the organisation. Some manufacturers start with retrofits or may begin by digitalising one area of the shop or even one machine at a time. Whatever path a company chooses to become digitally integrated, the time to start is now.