Korea war could kill up to 300,000 without nukes
Renewed conflict on the Korean peninsula could kill hundreds of thousands of people in the first few days alone even if no nuclear weapons are involved, according to a new report by the Congressional Research Service.
Given population densities on the peninsula, military conflict “could affect upwards of 25 million people on either side of the border, including at least 100,000 US citizens,” according to a 62page assessment sent to US lawmakers and obtained by Bloomberg News.
The grim report comes after tensions between the US and North Korea peaked over accelerated missile and nuclear weapons tests by Kim Jong Un’s regime, exacerbated by a war of words between Kim and President Donald Trump. Earlier Friday, Defence Secretary Jim Mattis visited the demilitarised zone between North and South Korea, saying the US is continuing to pursuing diplomacy as the preferred choice to resolve the crisis.
Yet with the US also saying that all military options are on the table, the CRS report laid out in sharp detail the consequences of a conflict. North Korea can rely on hundreds of thousands of artillery rounds within striking distance of Seoul, making it difficult for even a preemptive strike to prevent mass casualties.
Even if North Korea “uses only its conventional munitions, estimates range from between 30,000 and 300,000 dead in the first days of fighting,” the report said, citing North Korea’s ability to fire 10,000 rounds per minute. Moreover, the conflict could quickly spread to involve forces from China, Japan and Russia.
“Such a conflict could also involve a massive mobilisation of US forces onto the Korean Peninsula, and high military casualty rates,” the report said. “Complicating matters, should China choose to join the conflict, those casualty rates could grow further, and could potentially lead to military conflict beyond the peninsula.”
Still, the report noted that some analysts say that allowing Kim’s regime to acquire the ability to develop a missile capable of delivering nuclear warheads to the continental US would be of even greater risk than the outbreak of regional war.
Trump is scheduled to visit South Korea as part of a tour through several Asian nations starting next week. US Secretary of Defence James Mattis, in Seoul for annual military talks, reiterated Saturday that the use of any nuclear weapons by North Korea would be met with a “massive” response and said the threat had accelerated from earlier this year. Bannon’s warning Former senior Trump adviser Steve Bannon underscored the dangers of US military strikes in August when he said in an interview with The American Prospect that “until somebody solves the part of the equation that shows me that ten million people in Seoul don’t die in the first 30 minutes from conventional weapons, I don’t know what you’re talking about, there’s no military solution here, they got us.”
CRS doesn’t go as far as Bannon, but its assessment presents lawmakers with a sobering view of what conflict could look like if the US takes preemptive action against North Korea with the “fire and fury” Trump has threatened to rain on Kim.
“Few analysts believe that North Korea would launch an unprovoked attack on US territory” but as the crisis continues to evolve “Congress could confront significant questions regarding its role in shaping US policy in the region,” it said.
At the same time, US sanctions, diplomacy, and military shows of force “have arguably slowed” but “not halted the advance of North Korea’s” weapons of mass destruction programmes, CRS said.
The assessment acknowledges the pressure facing the Trump administration is heightened by the view of intelligence and military advisers that by next year North Korea is likely to have mastered all of the technology for an intercontinental ballistic missile capable of hitting the U.S. Urgency of talks “This assessment implies that the timeframe for conducting military action without the risk of a North Korean nuclear attack against US territory is narrowing” and “may increase the urgency of efforts to restart multilateral diplomatic efforts,” it said. Some analysts maintain that the road to negotiations “could be strengthened and accelerated if both North Korea and China believe that a US military strike” is “becoming more likely,” CRS said.
White House Chief of Staff John Kelly said as much at an October 12 press conference. Citing North Korea’s ICBM threat, he said, “Right now, we think the threat is manageable, but over time it — if it grows beyond where it is today — well, let’s — let’s hope diplomacy works.”
Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said this month that diplomatic effort will continue “until the first bomb drops.” The CRS report also explored the possibility that a war between the US and North Korea would quickly turn into a wider conflagration.
“A protracted conflict — particularly one in which North Korea uses its nuclear, biological, or chemical weapons — could cause enormous casualties on a greater scale, and might expand to include Japan and U.S. territories in the region,” said CRS. “Such a conflict could also involve a massive mobilisation of US forces onto the Korean Peninsula, and high military casualty rates.”