Fantasyland: The unified theory of Donald Trump

For those who ask how he got elected, the answer lies in a tendency to favour conviction over certitude

TRUMP WILL NOT BE THE LAST MANIFESTATION OF OUR NATIONAL NUTTINESS. BUT FOR A NONAMERICAN, ANDERSEN’S BOOK IS AS ENJOYABLE AS IT IS ENLIGHTENING. I STRONGLY RECOMMEND THAT YOU READ IT

How could you? As an American living and travelling abroad, I have grown used to being at the pointy end of this question ever since we elected Donald Trump President, ten months ago. It springs instantly to the lips of everyone who learns of my nationality for the first time. For most people who have never lived in the US — and for many who have — it is mystifying how Americans elected as their leader a man so palpably unsuitable for the job, and the mystification has only deepened with each passing week as Trump has repeatedly demonstrated his inadequacies.

Now that he has openly defended neo-Nazis and racists, the question is asked with a fully-italicised incredulity: How could you?

For a while, I found a fig leaf of in the fact that his opponent, Hilary Clinton, won more of the popular vote. It wasn’t us Americans, I pleaded, but our flawed election system that allowed Trump to become President. But that was not a satisfactory explanation: no fig leaf can conceal the fact that nearly 63 million Americans did vote for Trump, and that he won 30 of the 51 states.

So I pointed my interlocutors to other mitigating circumstances, such as the growing dissatisfaction with government felt by so many Americans, which makes them easy prey to political crackpots and chiselers alike. I encouraged them to read ‘Hillbilly Elegy,’ JD Vance’s searing memoir of White poverty in the American south. If you want to understand why southerners vote for politicians with retrograde or ridiculous ideas, I said, hear from the man who grew up among those voters. But that, too, provides an incomplete picture. After all, the President won plenty of votes across socio-economic strata, and throughout the country, not just in the impoverished parts of the south. Vance’s book is revealing, but I couldn’t pass it off as the Kaluza-Klein Theory to explain Trump’s victory last year.

Luckily for me, and for all Americans confronted by the question, Kurt Andersen has produced a unified-field theory that might just explain everything, in his new book, ‘Fantasyland: How America Went Haywire.’ (Full disclosure: Andersen and I worked together on a 2011 reporting project for TIME Magazine.)

Andersen is a New York-based journalist and radio host, and is uniquely qualified to explain Trump, having covered his rise, fall, and rise again as one of the city’s most colourful and controversial figures. But ‘Fantasyland’ is not about Trump. It is a superb telling of the history of the US, proving the country has ever been the crucible of strange ideas that have moved large numbers of people to make choices antithetical to their interests. It has always been the playground of hucksters and charlatans, the kind who operate most profitably in the areas of business, politics, and faith — and occasionally, in the intersection of all three.

The American tendency to delusion began with Columbus, who could never acknowledge that (a) he didn’t find Asia, and (b) there was no gold in his ‘Indes.’ Why not? Because he believed he was right, even when other explorers sailing west in his own lifetime had proved him wrong. This tendency to privilege conviction over certitude runs through the 500-year history of the country, taking in the Salem Witch Trials, any number of gold rushes, and oddball religions like Mormonism and Scientology.

Other countries and peoples make peculiar choices, too — consider the success of bogus godmen in India, as we’ve been reminded the past few days. But what makes America unique in this regard, Andersen argues, is that it was ‘created by people resistant to reality checks and convinced they had special access to the truth, a place founded to enact grand fantasies.’

For an American reader, there’s no consolation to be had from Andersen’s conclusions: we may be doomed to make dumb choices, and the outcome of these seem now be overtaking the obvious benefits of a culture that always questions conventional wisdom. Trump will not be the last manifestation of our national nuttiness. But for a non-American, ‘Fantasyland’ is as enjoyable as it is enlightening. I strongly recommend that you read it.

And then, for mercy’s sake, stop asking me that question!