Hindustan Times (Bathinda)

HAWKING’S LAST PAPER ARGUES FOR A ‘SIMPLER’ COSMOS

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NEWYORK: Weeks after his death, physicist Stephen Hawking has delivered his last thoughts about the nature of the cosmos, and he says it may be simpler than often believed.

A paper that outlines his view, written with Thomas Hertog of the University of Leuven in Belgium before Hawking’s death in March, has been published by the Journal of High Energy Physics. Hertog had announced the new theory last year at a conference celebratin­g Hawking’s 75th birthday.

The University of Cambridge, where Hawking worked, announced the publicatio­n on Wednesday.

Here’s a very simplified version of what it says. First, some background.

Scientists­believeour­universe sprang into existence with the Big Bang, followed by an unimaginab­ly rapid expansion known as inflation. Within our observable universe, inflation ended long ago.

But some ideas of inflation say it never stops, persisting in other regions of the cosmos forever. This eternal inflation produces a “multiverse,” a collection of pocket universes of which our own universe is just one.

There may be an infinite number of these pocket universes.

Hawking’s paper suggests that there may be a much smaller range of possibilit­ies for universe types than previous estimates had suggested. So “the behaviour of our own, observable universe might not be a rare outlier, but perhaps (be) relatively typical,” Kaiser said in an email.

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