Transgender

The bill was referred to the standing committee on social justice and empowerment, chaired by Bharatiya Janata Party MP Ramesh Bais, that submitted its report in July 2017.

While officials say the revised bill will drop “neither wholly female nor wholly male” from the definition, it is not as yet clear whether it will fully adopt the definition suggested by the parliamentary panel: “a person whose gender does not match with the gender assigned to that person at birth and includes trans-men and trans-women (whether or not they have undergone sex reassignment surgery or hormone therapy or laser therapy etc), gender-queers and a number of sociocultural identities such as kinnars, hijras, aravanis, jogtas, etc.”

The committee dubbed the bill’s original definition —“transgender person means a person who is (A) neither wholly female nor wholly male; or (B) a combination of female and male; or (C) neither female nor male; and whose sense of gender does not match with the gender assigned to that person at the time of birth, and includes trans men and trans women, persons with intersex variations and gender-queers”— as primitive.

The standing committee said a transgender person should have the option to choose either “man”, “woman” or “transgen- der” as well as have the right to choose any of the options independent of surgery or hormone therapy.

Its suggestions included the need to address civil rights issues such as marriage and adoption, the need to define discrimination against transpeople and make all forms of violence against them commensurate with punishments under existing laws, and reservation in jobs and educational institutions. Most of these were hailed by the transgender community as progressive.

The revised bill will also specify that a comprehensive insurance scheme for coverage of medical expenses will include sex reassignment surgery, hormonal therapy and laser therapy, the official said.

While it not clear whether the revised bill addresses the issue of reservation for transpeople, Karthik Bittu, an associate professor of biology and psychology at Ashoka University who organised committee depositions from fellow transgender people, said the changes were essential.

“The bill should prioritise that no one should be criminalised. When it talks of penalising those who press transpeople into begging, it is unclear who can file a complaint against whom. Also, reservation is a must. The bill should also define discrimination (against transpeople) and the punishment for sexual violence against transpeople,” Bittu said.