India, Japan sign $75 bn currency-swap pact
Both PMs focus on taking up projects in Asean countries
NEW DELHI: India and Japan concluded a $75 billion bilateral currency swap agreement on Monday, with New Delhi saying the measure will improve confidence and stability in the foreign exchange and capital markets.
The decision on the pact was made during Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s annual summit with his Japanese counterpart Shinzo Abe in Tokyo.
The agreement will also strengthen and widen the diversity of economic cooperation, the Indian government said.
During Abe’s visit to China last week – the first by a Japanese premier since 2011 – the two sides concluded a currency swap agreement for 200 billion yuan (almost $29 billion) on Friday after a gap of five years.
The new agreements by Japan reflect efforts to counter growing uncertainty in global markets, largely due to unilateral actions by the Trump administration and the trade war between the US and China. Modi, who was on a twoday visit to Japan, and Abe held wide-ranging talks during which they agreed to deepen economic and security cooperation, including the start of a 2+2 dialogue between the defence and foreign ministers.
“With a view to enhancing financial and economic cooperation, governments of Japan and India welcomed the agreement to conclude a Bilateral Swap Arrangement (BSA) of $75 billion,” said the vision statement issued after the summit.
The currency swap arrangement was described by India’s finance ministry as a “high point” of economic and financial pacts with Japan. It represented an increase of 50% over the last bilateral currency swap pact, signed in 2014 and effective till December 2015.
NEWDELHI: Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his Japanese counterpart Shinzo Abe agreed on Monday to deepen economic and defence ties, including the launch of a 2+2 dialogue of foreign and defence ministers, against the backdrop of China’s growing influence in the region.
During Modi’s two-day visit to Japan for an annual summit, the two sides committed themselves to work for peace and stability of the Indo-Pacific, with Asean unity and centrality at the heart of the concept, and identified joint projects they could take up in Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Bangladesh and Africa.
The two countries signed a $75 billion bilateral currency swap pact that is expected to bring stability to foreign exchange and capital markets at a time when the value of the dollar is rising.
They also signed over two dozen other agreements in areas ranging from agriculture and digital technology to infrastructure, including a key pact between the Indian Navy and Japan’s Maritime Self-Defense Force to expand maritime domain awareness, as Japan offered low-interest loans worth 316.4 billion yen ($2.8 billion).
Abe, who last week became the first Japanese premier to visit China in seven years for talks aimed at easing tensions, indicated he saw Tokyo and New Delhi playing a stabilising role in the region.
“Strong relations between Japan and India are the foundation that will sustain the region,” Abe said in a joint statement with Modi after talks in Tokyo. “A strong Japan benefits India and a strong India benefits Japan... Japan and India will take the lead for stability and prosperity in the region,” he added.
Modi said Japanese investments will create some 30,000 new jobs in India and the two leaders had pledged “to push our cooperation at an uninterrupted speed”.
“The 21st century is a century of Asia,” Modi said in comments translated into Japanese. “There are questions – who will predominate and what should be done? It is clear that there won’t be a century of Asia without cooperation between India and Japan.”
While reaffirming their desire to deepen security and defence cooperation, the two leaders decided to institute a 2+2 foreign and defence ministerial dialogue, an arrangement that India currently has only with the US. They also welcomed the start of negotiations on Acquisition and Cross Servicing Agreement (ACSA), a military logistics pact that will enhance strategic depth and defence cooperation. ACSA will allow Japan to refuel and resupply its ships at Indian naval bases on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands near the Malacca Straits, a maritime choke point through which seaborne trade passes to ports in China and Japan.
Though neither Abe nor Modi mentioned China, it was apparent that their efforts were aimed at balancing China’s expanding influence in the region. They reiterated their commitment to work for a “free and open Indo-Pacific”, with “ASEAN unity and centrality” at the heart of this concept to ensure the region is “inclusive and open to all”, the joint vision statement said.
“The two leaders’ vision for the Indo-Pacific is based on a rulesbased order that respects sovereignty and territorial integrity of nations, ensures freedom of navigation and overflight as well as unimpeded lawful commerce, and seeks peaceful resolution of disputes with full respect for legal and diplomatic processes…,” the statement added.
Modi and Abe agreed to align their development initiatives for Asia and Africa to take up joint connectivity and infrastructure projects in third countries. The two sides identified specific projects they could work on, such as development of LNG-related infrastructure in Sri Lanka, housing, education and electrification projects in Myanmar’s Rakhine, widening of a road and construction of road and rail bridges in Dhaka, and building a cancer hospital in Kenya.
Modi and Abe also welcomed progress in the development of India’s northeastern states through the India-Japan Act East Forum, which was set up last year. The forum has been a driving force in advancing bilateral cooperation to boost connectivity within the northeast and its neighbouring countries.
Japan also backed India’s call for Pakistan to bring to justice the perpetrators of terrorist attacks, including the 2008 Mumbai attacks and the assault on Pathankot in 2016. The two sides agreed to strengthen cooperation against terror threats from groups such as al-Qaeda, Islamic State, Jaish-e-Mohammad, Lakshar-e-Taiba and their affiliates, the statement said.