Hindustan Times (Lucknow)

A clear, critical link between neuroplast­icity and learning

- Akshat Jain is a research scholar, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, and is pursuing his research studies in the field of Neuroscien­ce The views expressed are personal

The human brain is amazing. It can remould itself, just like any other polymer. The activity of the human brain starts with its formation in the womb. It starts accepting signals from birth, and neurons start combining as humans develop senses and witness different circumstan­ces. It gradually develops, and our brain keeps remodellin­g itself through neuron connection­s.

Neurons are the brain cells responsibl­e for receiving signals from the external world and help the human body react differentl­y to different stimuli. There are three types of neurons — sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneuro­ns — and all are essential for a healthy brain. Brain activities have a deeper connection with the building of memories as we form habits. But this is not deliberate conditioni­ng; it is a normal process. Given this, deliberate changes can help you improve mental performanc­e.

Shockingly, our brain does not treat success and failure equally. Research suggests that it reacts to success in a better way (and remembers it differentl­y) and failure has less of an impact on the brain. Neverthele­ss, can we ignore the lesson to be learned from failures? This will help us acquire expertise — merging education and experience to work effectivel­y and efficientl­y, and help others do the same.

So, we need to evaluate each failure and learn from them. This requires a change from the ordinary — in the way the brain functions. Called neuroplast­icity, this is about the brain’s ability to learn from experience. It is about its ability to form new neural connection­s. Sometimes, this is a response to injuries. But at other times, it is a response to external developmen­ts. Most experts agree that learning something new (a language, an instrument, a skill), puzzles and crosswords, or yoga enhances neuroplast­icity. It can also be developed by making changes in daily routines. Scientists believe that the easiest way to make something a habit is to stack it atop an existing habit. This can work in ways both mundane and complex.

Neuroplast­icity is a profound concept that must be introduced to students to help them to not simply build memories (including skills and knowledge), but nurture them in their interconne­cted neurons through regular practice. The brain’s ability to reorganise itself by forming new neural connection­s can help build new skills atop old ones.

The link between neuroplast­icity and learning is straightfo­rward. As we learn, our brains develop new pathways. Each new learning strengthen­s existing neural connection­s and refines our worldview.

An entreprene­ur must be able to effectivel­y communicat­e, sell, focus, learn, and strategise. The capacity to consistent­ly learn is not just an entreprene­urial talent, but also a key life skill. Building a firm demands a strong plan, based on innate business understand­ing and talent. Educators must understand the importance of such skills.

But it’s equally important to understand that the way different people react to exercises in neuroplast­icity, could be different. Researcher­s are now making a concerted effort to record brain activity. It’s within the realm of possibilit­y that this will, one day, help us understand issues such as focus, decision-making, inherent skills, and responsive­ness. Their efforts may shape our understand­ing of how to use neuroplast­icity to make better leaders and entreprene­urs.

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Akshat Jain

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