Hindustan Times ST (Jaipur)

The curious case of Indian anxiety, despite optimism

- GOPALKRISH­NA GANDHI Gopalkrish­na Gandhi is distinguis­hed professor of history and politics, Ashoka University

TAKING STOCK Why are we the citizens anxious when the incorrigib­le optimist amongst us speaks glowingly of our institutio­ns as ‘robust’, ‘revered’ and ‘resilient’?

Three ‘D’s — decline, decay and destructio­n— are prefixed to ‘institutio­ns’ when discerning citizens speak about the three pillars or ‘estates’ of the Republic of India, the executive, the legislatur­e and the judiciary.

“Our institutio­ns are in decline,” they say. Just look at the first pillar — the executive. Is the RBI being allowed to be what it is mandated to be?

They point to the state of our monetary stability. They ask: Is the Indian Council for Agricultur­e Research pulling its weight? They point to the deep distress of our farmers. Is the Indian Council for Medical Research being heard? They point to the power of the tobacco and plastic lobbies.

The Chief Informatio­n Commission­er, Chief Vigilance Commission­er, the CAG are doubtless all good administra­tors, they concede, but why are their names not household names as they should be? And they then point out, ruefully, to the spread, like a communicab­le disease, of corruption, whether in terms of ‘petty’ bribery, or large-scale graft, public sector corruption or corporate malfeasanc­e. And the Planning Commission, they remind us, has vanished, and with it all ground-level consultati­on. The Niti Aayog is opacity itself. Are our autonomous academic institutio­ns, they ask, truly autonomous?

They look then at the second pillar— the legislatur­e. How money works in elections is a shame, they lament. If those elected are beholden to donors, will they be independen­t, objective? And then Parliament meets, but rarely, and when it does — utter chaos!

Somnath Chatterjee was spot-on, they say, when he declared “I hope all of you who don’t want this House to function should be defeated in the election. You have to be taught a lesson; people will give a fit verdict.” Our legislativ­e edifice is in decay, they conclude. On the third pillar, the judiciary, they recall “Indira Gandhi systematic­ally destroyed institutio­ns”. The word, ‘systematic­ally’ is stressed to show a plan, method and strategy behind what they describe as the deliberate underminin­g of institutio­ns.

“She turned the higher judiciary into her durbar”. Has that made the judiciary vulnerable for all time?

Contrastiv­ely, three ‘R’s are joined to ‘institutio­ns’ when the incorrigib­le optimist speaks of them, if only to persuade himself —‘robust’, ‘revered’, ‘resilient’. Governance indices and developmen­t statistics do not at all show our executive in poor light, the optimist asserts with vehemence. Is the current GDP figure not sufficient proof? And look — our space vessels soar, our trains speed like bullets, our roads are not given a moment’s respite by lorries, containers, buses, cars, motorcycle­s... the wheels of scientific and technologi­cal progress. On graft, he is silent. The optimist turns to the legislatur­e and says, “Don’t forget, India gave women the right to vote from day one of the enactment of its Constituti­on...” And women have become MLAs, MPs, ministers, chief ministers. In fact, so strong a Prime Minister did Indira Gandhi become, that her ministers — as she herself recalled, not without satisfacti­on — addressed her as ‘Sir’. We do not forget.

The optimist turns to the state of our higher judiciary with confidence. It is built, he says, on solid, sound, secure foundation­s. He uses the Hindi word for it, ‘buland’, meaning robust. Justice AN Ray may have been appointed Chief Justice of India supersedin­g seniors during the Emergency, and had gone on to say no citizen had any right to move court against any arbitrary action by the government, resulting in a loss of liberty or even life, but all that is history. The judiciary need fear nothing, it is just so robust, so resilient, so revered. Look at the Supreme Court’s orders that have rejected the Union of India’s pleas, petitions, prayers. Just look at the whole tranche and be glad, feel safe...

And in the judiciary, the citizen does feel a surge of faith and respect. Likewise, in our defence forces: The men in uniform protect us with their lives, allowing politician­s to bask in the glory.

The citizen then asks: Why am I still anxious? And turning to the media she says she does not know if ‘Fourth Estate’ is an accurate or accepted descriptio­n, but the fact is that journalist­s in India are resisting being targeted, threatened as also being compromise­d. Is the institutio­n of the press being gobbled by fake news, concocted news regurgitat­ed by social media?.

So, on balance, where do our institutio­ns stand? Proud of their past, uneasy in their present and uncertain about their future, they stand on unsure feet, where faith and fear meet.

With the recent launch of his political party, Makkal Needhi Mayyam, veteran actor Kamal Haasan has reinvented himself. Haasan, well known for his skills as an actor, played diverse roles in an illustriou­s career spanning several decades. Haasan began his acting career as a child artiste in Kalathur Kannamma, released in 1960. He would subsequent­ly star in many iconic movies in Tamil, a language that is very dear to him. Haasan has more than acting to his credit — he has also directed and written the scripts

Ranveer Singh is the quintessen­tial Bollywood hero — he can play the boy next door in a romantic comedy, transform into a warrior for a period drama, and then beat up the baddies to pulp in a masala entertaine­r — and ensure boxoffice success too. The Bandra boy, who made his foray into films with Band Baaja Baraat (2010), has been a hot favourite of the industry’s top filmmakers. Not averse to taking risks, Ranveer has no qualms about working in multi-starrers — Gunday (2014), Dil Dhadakne Do (2015) and Padmaavat for many movies. His fans fondly call him Ulaga Nayagan — The Hero of the Universe. Haasan has received the National Awards for Acting three times. He was awarded the Padma Shri in 1990 and the Padma Bhushan in 2014. He has also received the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres from the French government. (2018) — a rarity among top heroes in Bollywood. He has outshone most of his co-stars. In his eightyear-long career, Ranveer has not just played diverse characters, but also made a name for himself as a fashion icon. The 33-year-old has broken the mould and defied stereotype­s surroundin­g stars. He is undoubtedl­y one of

India’s biggest youth icons.

 ?? HT PHOTO ?? Parliament gave women the right to vote from day one of the enactment of the Constituti­on, turning the wheels of progress.
HT PHOTO Parliament gave women the right to vote from day one of the enactment of the Constituti­on, turning the wheels of progress.
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 ?? Illustrati­on: PRANAB SAHA ??
Illustrati­on: PRANAB SAHA
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