Decoding headaches in children
Headache is often a disabling neurological disorder in children. Common causes are migraine and tension type headache. Rare causes are brain infections, tumours, raised intracranial pressure, etc.
A migraine is diagnosed based on recurrent attacks of throbbing headaches. Associated symptoms of nausea, vomiting and extreme sensitivity to light or sound are seen as well. Common triggers are sleep deprivation, stress, sunlight, strong scents and foods like dark chocolates, Chinese cuisine, etc.
Red flags such as explosive onset headaches, early morning headaches, persistent vomiting, behavioural changes, recent squinting or double vision, need urgent evaluation.
Preventive strategies and lifestyle changes are effective treatment options. Adequate sleep, regular meals, hydration and exercise are effective. If frequent debilitating headaches persist, medications such as flunarizine, topiramate, and propranolol are given. For immediate relief, drugs like paracetamol, ibuprofen or triptans are effective. But their use should be restricted. For some children, counselling and psychological evaluation is also required.
This article is by Dr Neelu Desai, Consultant Pediatric Neurologist and Epileptologist at P D Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre
Disclaimer: The veracity of any health claim made in the above article is the responsibility of the hospital/doctor concerned.