Rumba, the dance of seduction running through Cubans’ veins

Havana: Born among black slaves on sugar plantations, Cuba’s rumba has since become a national icon almost as renown as its cigars or amateur boxers and two years ago was designated by Unesco as an intangible cultural heritage. Set to a five- stroke rhythm and the beat of hollow claves and African drums, Cubans take to the streets of Havana every year in August to celebrate their dance of seduction.

And while rumba has expanded and traveled to grace the great dance halls of Europe, its essence is conserved in the blood of Cubans who keep the rhythm alive in their everyday movements.

“It’s an expression of the joy of life, created during the slavery period in the sugar plantations, in the neighborhoods, in the ports, on the railway lines,” said Miguel Barnet, president of Cuba’s writers and artists guild.

“Wherever the slave worked, he needed his spiritual and liturgical songs, for salvation and healing.”

It developed from the end of the 18th century through the 19th.

Men, usually dressed all in white, wearing a hat and sometimes carrying a cane, move elegantly as women’s wide, brightly colored skirts flutter to their steps.

The man follows and woos the woman as both move their hips and slide their arms and legs to the clave rhythm. It’s not just a performance to watch, though, as spectators often join in and allow their bodies to be swept along by the African drumbeat.

To the outsider, it might look sexual, and not without reason.

The man at times produces a pelvic thrust known as the “vacunao” that betrays the rumba’s roots as an African fertility dance.

“For me, rumba is Cuba and I’m a loyal conservationist of the tradition,” said 31- year- old Yanaisis Ordonez who graduated from the National School of Art in 2004.

“It feels like it belongs to me. I carry it in my blood.”

In the La Maravilla courtyard in front of the Belen convent that once owned a sugar plantation with more than 300 slaves, children watch and try to imitate the dancers’ steps.

A shirtless man collecting buckets of water passes by; occasionally a youngster listening to reggaeton on a speaker comes into earshot, perhaps unaware that the beat he’s listening to shares the same Bantu cultural influence and African roots as rumba, according to music critic Pedro de la Hoz.

“Rumba was born before Cuba and a long time before the idea of heritage was born,” said Barnet.