ONLY GENOME SEQUENCING CAN CONFIRM

Omicron has been detected with the Network for Genomics Surveillance of South Africa (NGS-SA) from specimens collected in November 2021. “A significant factor indicated by several labs is that in the widely used PCR test for coronavirus detection, one of the three target genes is not detected (called S gene dropout or S gene target failure — SGTF). The missing S gene indicates that this particular variant is different from the earlier variants. However, only genome sequencing can confirm whether this particular variant is omicron or not.

“A recent study titled ‘Early assessment of the clinical severity of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in South Africa’ by Nicole Wolter states that the PCR tests are reporting an increase in the number of samples with SGTF even when symptoms are present.

“Omicron also shows more mutations suspected to invade the immunity system. Though it has a few mutations in common with the earlier variants, it also has 22 additional substitutions (genetic inclusions or deletions) not yet seen in any other variant.

“The CDC expects anyone with Omicron infection can spread the virus to others, even if they are vaccinated or are asymptomatic. It’s observed that those vaccinated have a reduced risk of hospitalisation among the Omicron or SGTF-infected individuals. Complications were lesser in SGTF-infected individuals as compared to the earlier Delta-infected individuals.

“Being the protective factor, vaccination needs to be ramped up for all sectors, irrespective of age. Following COVID-19 safety norms is also imperative to avoid the virus.”

Not PCR tests but genome sequencing can confirm the mutating Omicron variant

— A ANURADHA, research scientist, multidisciplinary research unit (MDRU) labs, Government King George Hospital (KGH)