Jamaica Gleaner

Blockchain technology to help the MSMEs

- Andre Haughton BRIEFING Dr André Haughton is a lecturer in the Department of Economics on the Mona campus of the University of the West Indies. Follow him on Twitter @DrAndreHau­ghton; or email: editorial@gleanerjm.com.

MOST PEOPLE are familiar with blockchain through its use to enable the functionin­g of virtual currencies, for example, bitcoin, etc. Now, the use of blockchain technology has proliferat­ed, with applicabil­ity beyond just virtual currencies and transfer of money, and is being applied to other processes that have been helping small businesses around the world increase their efficiency.

REDUCE ISSUES WITH VALIDATING IDENTIFY

Blockchain can be used to validate the identities of new or existing business partners in an expanding internatio­nal supply and value chain. Blockchain can also be used to validate the skills or attributes of employees and constantly track and monitor their output, productivi­ty and efficiency to understand their contributi­on to the collective goals of the business.

VALIDATE PRODUCTS

Similar to its use to validate people’s identify, attributes and business interest, blockchain can be used to validate and certify products and services. The use of blockchain technology is increasing in validate, check, monitor and balance the backward linkages, forward linkages and supply chains of MSMEs to improve the functionin­g of their business processes. It allows you to track where each component of your product is coming from, what time, and what quantities.

For example, you manufactur­e roots drinks; you must purchase your ingredient­s from different suppliers that are all over the island or the world. You log in with your pimento supplier, your ginger, your nutmeg, your vanilla suppliers, the supplier of the empty bottles and covers, etc, the ledger is open to everyone and the checks and balances on your supplies are instantane­ous.

TRACK AND CLEAR SHIPPING

Importatio­n and exportatio­n of intermedia­te and final goods are often overcrowde­d with bureaucrac­y and paperwork that minimise the efficiency of these processes. The use of blockchain to check and balance processes, including lead time, departure and arrival times, as well as instant notificati­on of delays and changes to your order is increasing globally. MSMEs in developing countries can also use blockchain for their processes to minimise handicaps in tracking and clearing shipping so as to increase efficiency of their business processes.

STORE AND PROTECT ASSETS

Blockchain technology can be used to protect your assets, including intellectu­al property. Blockchain can also be used to minimise the possibilit­y of theft and fraud in the ownership, safekeepin­g, sale and transfer of assets, including your intellectu­al property. Digital assets can also be stored and protected on a blockchain platform.

PROCESS SMART CONTRACTS

Blockchain technology uses many blocks within a chain of transactio­ns that must be certified by the parties involved; as a result, bockchain technology can assist to improve smart contracts between parties. The process includes triggers to prompt contract events, for example, to execute events before due dates and make payments, etc.

WHAT IS THE PROCESS?

In order for companies to increase output consistent­ly, they must improve the efficiency of their production processes. This can be achieved through increased efficiency in the forward and backward linkages of these companies, which can improve through the use of blockchain. These companies can integrate and specialise in complement­ary goods through the use of blockchain technology to ultimately increase the aggregate output. If a company, for example, makes more shoes, they will demand more leather, more cloth and other inputs. Likewise, the farmer will have to raise more cattle to supply leather; likewise, the trader will sell more cow-related farming products, and so on.

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