Japan’s government OKs new foreign trainee programme
Asian country seeking to attract more workers as its population shrinks
THE JAPANESE government adopted plans on Friday to scrap its current foreign trainee programme, which has been criticised as a cover for importing cheap labour, and replace it with a system it says will actually teach skills and safeguard trainees’ rights as Japan desperately seeks more foreign workers to supplement its ageing and shrinking workforce.
Under the new programme approved on Friday at a meeting of related Cabinet ministers, people who arrive on a three-year trainee visa will be able to upgrade to a skilled worker category that would allow them to stay up to five years and possibly obtain permanent residency.
Japan’s population of 126 million is rapidly ageing and shrinking, and many short-staffed industries, including services, manufacturing and construction, rely heavily on foreign trainees and language students. Japan also grants visas to some white-collar professionals, often from the West.
The current Technical Intern Training Programme, introduced in 1993 as a way of transferring skills to developing countries through youth training, has been criticised as a scheme for importing cheap labour under abusive conditions and unequal benefits. As of last June, nearly 360,000 trainees were participating in the programme, with most from Vietnam, followed by Indonesia and the Philippines, according to government data.
The new plan, which still requires parliamentary approval, follows the recommendation of a government panel last year that the current system be abolished after reports of rampant abuses, labour rights violations and other maltreatment.
The new programme will continue to restrict which types of jobs are available to foreign trainees, as the conservative governing party remains reluctant to allow a more open immigration policy.
Japan’s lack of diversity and inclusivity as well as its comparatively low pay has been making it less attractive to foreign workers, who are increasingly choosing other Asian countries such as South Korea.
“The government seeks to create an inclusive society, and we want to make Japan a country that foreign workers will choose,” Prime Minister Fumio Kishida said at the Cabinet meeting where the new policy was endorsed.
The current programme prohibits trainees from changing workplaces, a rule that caused thousands to run away from their employers due to unpaid wages, harassment and other maltreatment. The new system would allow them to change jobs after working for one to two years, but only in the same job category.
Applicants for the new trainee system will also be required to pass a Japanese language proficiency test.