Harness Haiti’s cultural strengths as pathway for future
THE EDITOR, Madam:
ASA Jamaican Maroon of Haitian ancestry, it pains me to witness the persistent, one-sided negative portrayal of Haiti and Haitians perpetuated by the media, and even our own Government. The narrative that forms the basis of this column is shaped not only by Eastern Maroon families like the Minotts, Cochranes, Whites, and Harrises – my cousins all – but also by the history imparted to me by my Kingston College teacher, the late Erskine Sandiford of Barbados. Additionally, my experiences living and working for UNIDO, CARICOM, and the OAS in Haiti, engaging with Haitian experts on energy, forestry restoration, minerals, and agricultural matters, have enriched my perspective. I have first-hand knowledge of life in working-class Delmas, as well as in the most luxurious hotels in Petionville, Les Cayes and Jacmel. I even courted a Haitian consulting internist physician once.
In the 18th century, Saint-Domingue, as Haiti was then known, stood as a shining jewel in the French colonial empire. The colony’s unparalleled wealth stemmed from its booming agricultural production, particularly in sugar, rice, coffee, indigo, cacao, and cotton. Saint-Domingue’s fertile lands and favourable climate provided an ideal environment for these cash crops to flourish. The French government’s policies also played a crucial role in promoting the colony’s economic success through incentives for plantation owners and trade monopolies.
Central to Saint-Domingue’s economic prosperity was the extensive use of enslaved Africans whose forced labour powered the colony’s plantations. The brutal system of slavery in Saint-Domingue subjected thousands to inhumane conditions, exploitation, and violence. Despite the immense wealth generated by their labour, the enslaved population lived in abject poverty and endured unimaginable suffering.
The seeds of rebellion were sown in this environment of oppression and inequality. In 1791, a historic uprising erupted as enslaved Africans revolted against their oppressors. Led by figures like Toussaint Louverture, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, and Dutty Boukman – the Jamaican Maroon collaborator who made heroic intellectual contributions to the Haitian independence revolution – the revolution culminated in Haiti declaring independence from France in 1804 after defeating the French army.
The aftermath of the Haitian Revolution brought about significant economic repercussions. The warfare ravaged infrastructure, destroyed capital, and disrupted trade networks. Haiti’s independence was met with isolation from global powers due to fears of slave revolts elsewhere. Further, France demanded exorbitant reparations for lost property (including slaves) and recognition of its independence, plunging Haiti into a cycle of debt that has lasted for decades.
Today, Haiti grapples with a myriad of challenges stemming from its tumultuous history. Political instability, corruption, natural disasters, and poverty continue to plague the nation. The legacy of colonialism and slavery looms large over Haiti’s socio-economic landscape, shaping its present-day struggles with development and governance.
Despite these challenges, there are pathways for Haiti to rebuild and thrive. Investing in education, healthcare, infrastructure, tourism and sustainable agriculture can lay the foundation for long-term growth. Strengthening institutions, promoting transparency, and fostering entrepreneurship can help combat corruption and stimulate economic activity.
Amid its hardships, Haiti boasts a rich cultural heritage that serves as a source of resilience and pride for its people. From vibrant art to traditional music and dance forms like kompa and rara, Haiti’s cultural expressions are a testament to its creativity and spirit.
Haiti’s journey from riches to rags is a testament to the complexities of history and the enduring legacy of exploitation. By acknowledging its past, confronting its challenges head-on, and harnessing its cultural strengths, a rescued Haiti can pave a path towards a brighter future built on resilience, innovation, and unity.