Jamaica Gleaner

More money going to African climate start-ups, but huge funding gap remains

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WHEN ADEMOLA Adesina founded a start-up to provide solar and battery-based power subscripti­on packages to individual­s and businesses in Nigeria in 2015, it was a lot harder to raise money than it is today.

Climate tech was new in Africa, the continent was a fledgling destinatio­n for venture capital money, there were fewer funders to approach and less money was available, he said.

It took him a year of “running around and scouring” his networks to raise his first amount — just under US$1 million — from VC or venture capital firms and other sources. “Everything was a learning experience,” he said.

But the ecosystem has since changed, and Adesina’s Rensource Energy has raised about US$30 million over the years, mostly from VC firms.

Funding for climate tech start-ups in Africa from the private sector is growing, with businesses raising more than US$3.4 billion since 2019. But there’s still a long way to go, with the continent requiring US$277 billion annually to meet its climate goals for 2030.

Experts say to unlock financing and fill this gap, African countries need to address risks like currency instabilit­y that they say reduce investor appetite, while investors need to expand their scope of interest to more climate sectors like flood protection, disaster management and heat management, and to use diverse funding methods.

Still, the investment numbers for the climate tech sector — which includes businesses in renewable energy, carbon removal, l and restoratio­n and water and waste management — are compelling: Last year, climate tech start-ups on the continent raised US$1.04 billion, a nine per cent increase from the previous year and triple what they raised in 2019, according to the funding database Africa: The Big Deal. That was despite a decline in the amount of money raised by all start-ups in total on the continent last year.

That matters because climate tech requires experiment­ation, and VC firms that provide money to nascent businesses are playing an essential role by giving climate tech start-ups risk capital, said Adesina. “In the climate space, a lot of things are uncertain,” he said.

The money raised by climate tech start-ups last year was more than a third of all funds raised by start-ups in Africa in 2023, placing climate tech second to fintech, a more mature sector.

Venture capital is typically given to businesses with substantia­l risk but great long-term growth potential. start-ups use it to expand into new markets and to get products and services on the market.

Venture capitalist­s “can take risks that other people cannot take, because our business model is designed to have failures,” said Brian Odhiambo, a Lagos-based partner at Novastar Ventures, an Africa-focused investor. “Not everything has to succeed. But some will, and those that do will succeed in a massive way.”

That was the case for Adetayo Bamiduro, co-founder of MAX, formerly Metro Africa Xpress, which makes electric two- and three-wheelers and electric vehicle infrastruc­ture in Nigeria and has raised just under US$100 million since it was founded in 2015.

Adetayo said venture capitalist­s “are playing a catalytic role that is extremely essential.”

“We all know that in order to really decarbonis­e our economies, investment­s have to be made. And it’s not trivial investment,” he said.

The funds can also bridge the gap between traditiona­l and nontraditi­onal sectors, said Kidus Asfaw, co-founder and CEO of Kubik, a start-up that turns difficult-to-recycle plastic waste into durable, low-carbon building material. His company, which operates in Kenya and Ethiopia, has raised around US$5.2 million since it was launched in 2021.

He cites waste management and constructi­on as examples of traditiona­l sectors that can connect with start-ups like his.

“There’s so much innovation in these spaces that can transform them over time,” he said. “VCs are accelerati­ng that pathway to transformi­ng them.”

Besides venture capital, other investment­s by private equity firms, syndicates, venture builders, grant providers and other financial institutio­ns are actively financing climate initiative­s on the continent.

But private sector financing in general lags far behind that of public financing, which includes funds from government­s, multilater­als and developmen­t finance institutio­ns.

From 2019 to 2020, private sector financing represente­d only 14 per cent of all of Africa’s climate finance, according to a report by the Climate Policy Initiative, much lower than in regions such as East Asia and Pacific at 39 per cent, and Latin America and the Caribbean at 49 per cent.

The low contributi­on in Africa is attributed t o the investors putting money in areas they’re more familiar with, like renewable energy technology, with less funding coming in for more diverse initiative­s, said Sandy Okoth, a capital market specialist for green finance at FSD Africa, one of the commission­ers of the CPI study.

“The private sector feels this (renewable energy technology) is a more mature space,” he said. “They understand the funding models.”

Technology for adapting t o climate change, on the other hand, is “more complex”, he said.

One start-up working in renewable energy is the Johannesbu­rg-based Wetility, which last year secured funding of US$48 million — mostly from private equity — to expand its operations.

The start-up provides solar panels for homes and businesses and a digital management system that allows users to remotely manage power usage, as it tries to solve the problems of energy access and reliabilit­y in southern Africa.

“Private sector financing in African climate is still rather low,” said founder and CEO Vincent Maposa. “But there’s visible growth. And I believe that over the next decade or so, you’ll start to see those shifts.”

Investors are also starting to understand the economic benefits of adapting to climate change and solutions as they have returns on investment, said Hetal Patel, Nairobi-based director of investment­s at Mercy Corps Ventures, an early-stage VC fund focused on start-ups building solutions for climate adaptation and financial resilience.

“We’re starting to build a very strong business case for adaptation investors and make sure that private capital flows start coming in,” he said.

Maëlis Carraro, managing partner at Catalyst Fund, a Nairobi-based VC fund and accelerato­r that funds climate adaptation solutions, urged more diverse funding, such as that which blends private and public sector funding. The role of public financing, she said, should be to de-risk the private sector and attract more private sector capital into financing climate initiative­s.

“We’re not gonna go far enough with just the public funding,” she said. “We need the private sector and the public sector to work together to unlock more financing. And in particular looking beyond just a few industries where the innovation is writ large.”

 ?? AP ?? Oladapo Adekunle, an engineer with Rensource Energy, installs solar panels on a roof of a house in Lagos, Nigeria, Thursday, March 21, 2024. Funding for climate tech startups in Africa from the private sector is growing, but there’s still a long way to go.
AP Oladapo Adekunle, an engineer with Rensource Energy, installs solar panels on a roof of a house in Lagos, Nigeria, Thursday, March 21, 2024. Funding for climate tech startups in Africa from the private sector is growing, but there’s still a long way to go.

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