Paris attacks reveal ‘next stage of IS’

The Islamic State group’s ability to carry out the deadly Paris attacks that it has claimed reveals the growing sophistication and reach of the global jihadist network, analysts said Saturday. At least 128 people were killed in gun and bomb attacks in the French capital Friday, in what President Francois Hollande called “an act of war”. IS’s online claim of responsibility boasted that “eight brothers wearing explosive belts and carrying assault rifles” conducted a “blessed attack on... Crusader France.”

The coordinated assault came just a day after more than 40 people were killed in twin suicide bombings in a southern suburb of Beirut, in an attack also claimed by IS. The jihadist network has repeatedly threatened European countries, including France, with violence. A video aired in July that featured a French-speaking fighter said IS would “slaughter you in the streets of Paris.”

But the Paris attacks were the first case of largescale IS violence in Europe. Experts say they demonstrate IS’s evolution from localised operations in Iraq and Syria to the West. “The push to France likely represents the next stage of IS,” said Clint Watts, a senior fellow at the Foreign Policy Research Institute. “We’ll see them increasingly move away from conventional and insurgent operations in Iraq and Syria and more towards terrorist attacks in their extended network,”he said.

‘Unprecedented Attack’

Since the January attack on the Paris offices of satirical weekly Charlie Hebdo, in which more than a dozen people were killed, French police have detained several individuals with alleged ties to IS. The string of incidents, according to jihadism analyst Aymenn Al-Tamimi, indicate that “it’s questionable to call (the Paris attack) a shift in strategy.” But it does demonstrate a shift in success rates, Tamimi said. “It is certainly an unprecedented attack for them in terms of results in Europe. It shows they have sophisticated networks in Europe, not mere lone-wolf fanboys,” he added. And with France’s focus on sectarianism and the high number of French citizens who have joined the ranks of IS fighters, Paris was a logical target, Tamimi said.

The coordinated attack saw shootings, suicide bombings, and hostage situations at a stadium, a concert hall, and other areas around the French capital. Charlie Winter, an academic who focuses on IS activities, said: “This is the logical trajectory for IS’ strategy.”“It’s moving away from the expansion and consolidating in Iraq, Syria and Libya to make sure it has momentum now by carrying out attacks in foreign countries like Lebanon, the Gulf and France.”

For Watts, France’s delay in “acknowledging its extremist problem” has left room for IS to build a budding jihadist network. “France has a serious problem. Per capita, they have some of the highest numbers of foreign fighters heading to and from Syria,” as well as unparallelled “facilitation pipelines for terrorists.”

Lashing Out at the West

“A big part of what we are seeing now arises from the glut of foreign fighters currently hanging out in the European Union,” Watts added. And as governmental efforts make it more difficult for radicalised individuals in France to reach Iraq and Syria, they may “act out at home,” he said. On Friday, police and a source close to the investigation said a French national is believed to be one of the four men who stormed the concert hall.

IS’ claim of responsibility accused France of “striking Muslims in the caliphate with their aircraft,” and threatened further attacks “as long as it continues its Crusader campaign.” France is part of a US-led coalition conducting an air war against IS in both Syria and Iraq. It has carried out air strikes in Iraq for more than a year, extending them to Syria in September. On Friday, Iraqi Kurdish forces backed by the US-led air coalition pushed IS out of the key Iraqi town of Sinjar, which lay along a key supply route. —AFP