In youthful India, elderly leaders still cling to power
PAONTA SAHIB: At an age when most people are enjoying retirement, India’s oldest chief minister Virbhadra Singh is on the campaign trail, one of a number of ageing men still clinging to power in the youthful country. At 83 he is hoping to snare a seventh term at the helm of Himachal Pradesh when the mountainous north Indian state that he has ruled for years goes to the polls on Thursday.
Singh, a stalwart of the Congress Party that has held national power for much of independent India’s history, is far from alone. Around two-thirds of India’s population is aged under 35, making it one of the youngest countries on earth. But many of the its top regional leaders are elderly products of a quasi-dynastic system of rule that took root in the twentieth century and now appears at odds with its youthful population.
Earlier this year the neighboring state of Punjab, home to 28 million Indians, voted out its 89-yearold five-time chief minister Prakash Singh Badal. His successor, Amarinder Singh, is the 75-year-old scion of a family that once ruled the princely state of Patiala-now part of Punjab. Virbhadra Singh is himself descended from the royal family that ruled a part of Himachal Pradesh until Indian independence, and he admits his heritage has helped his political career. “The people respect me. They respect my family and lineage,” he told AFP during a brief break from campaigning in the state, where campaign hoardings refer to him as Raja Sahib-a royal title.
Nistula Hebbar, political editor of The Hindu daily, said older candidates had a natural advantage because personal relationships were still hugely important in getting things done on the ground. “As a society, we are a gerontocracy that still worships the grey and considers its advice sagely. And this clearly reflects in our politics too,” Hebbar said. “Our state’s poor record in delivery (of services) also ensures that the personal networks and relationships nurtured by politicians over a long time are still trusted more by the people over youth and the system.”
Political patricide
Most of India’s leaders do not have royal titles, but a large number are the products of political dynasties that have proved remarkably resilient. At 94, Muthuvel Karunanidhi, five-time former chief minister of the southern state of Tamil Nadu, remains a key political player as leader of the opposition DMK party. His 64-year-old son, MK Stalin, is positioning himself as the political heirand appears to have met little popular resistance.
Meanwhile campaigning for elections in India’s most populous state Uttar Pradesh was dominated by a bitter intergenerational power struggle earlier this year. Akhilesh Yadav, 44, carried out a hostile takeover of the regional Samajwadi Party formed by his 77-year-old father, Mulayam Singh Yadav-a manoeuvre that some termed political patricide. Rahul Gandhi-himself a member of India’s most famous ruling dynasty-is reported to have tried to push for younger regional leaders after his Congress Party suffered a heavy defeat to the Bharatiya Janata Party in the 2014 national election. —AFP