Bill Gates, the bogeyman of virus conspiracy theorists
Gates accused of wanting ‘to eliminate 15% of the population’
PARIS: False claims targeting billionaire philanthropist Bill Gates are gaining traction online since the beginning of the coronavirus outbreak, with experts warning they could hamper efforts to curb the virus. Doctored photos and fabricated news articles crafted by conspiracy theorists - shared thousands of times on social media platforms and messaging apps, in various languages - have gone as far as accusing the Microsoft founder of creating the outbreak.
Gates, who has pledged $250 million to efforts to fight the pandemic, is the latest in a string of online targets despite the World Health Organization’s efforts to fight what it called an “infodemic” - misinformation fanned by panic and confusion about the virus. In recent months, 5G networks and HungarianAmerican billionaire George Soros have also been blamed for creating COVID-19, which has killed more than 315,000 people around the world. “Bill Gates has always been a target of specific conspiracy communities,” said Rory Smith, research manager at First Draft, a non-profit that provides research and training for journalists.
Gates - whose eponymous foundation has spent billions of dollars improving healthcare in developing countries over the past 20 years - has become “a kind of abstract boogeyman”, said Whitney Phillips, an assistant professor at New York’s Syracuse University, where she teaches digital ethics. A video accusing Gates of wanting “to eliminate 15 percent of the population” through vaccination and electronic microchips has racked up nearly two million views on YouTube. Similar allegations “exploded” between January and April, Smith said.
Since the start of the crisis, AFP Fact Check has debunked dozens of anti-Gates rumors circulating on platforms like Facebook, WhatsApp and Instagram in languages including English, French, Spanish, Polish and Czech. A number of accusations, including posts claiming that the FBI arrested Gates for biological terrorism or that he supports a Western plot to poison Africans, share a common thread.
They accuse the tycoon of exploiting the crisis, whether it is to “control people” or make money from selling vaccines. “These conspiracies are powerful enough to drive down institutional trust around health organisations, and as a result, possibly drive down vaccination rates, which is worrying,” Smith said. Gates’ vocal criticism of US President Donald Trump and support for vaccine development made him “the perfect scapegoat for a crisis that emerges on the intersection of technology and (medical) science,” Kinga Polynczuk-Alenius, a social sciences researcher at Finland’s University of Helsinki, wrote in a university blog post.
It is not the first time Gates has found himself at the mercy of conspiracy theorists. When Zika virus broke out in 2015 in Brazil, he was one of several powerful Western figures blamed for the disease. Other rumors claim that he is secretly a lizard, an old favorite among online trolls. “He hasn’t become conspiracists’ favorite target, he has been (their favorite target) for a long time,” Sylvain Delouvee, a social psychology researcher at France’s University of Rennes said.
The recent explosion in false claims could be explained as a coping mechanism during the global crisis, Smith said. “People are constantly looking for information to make sense out of this reality, and having these conspiracies offers a convenient way of having power over your situation,” he said. The pandemic has also provided fertile breeding ground for attacks on the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, particularly by anti-vaccine campaigners whose influential online presence was already brewing years before the virus emerged. The charity’s humanitarian work in Africa, where misinformation about Gates is particularly present, and financial support of the World Health Organization - it is the agency’s second-largest donor - have fed rumors of dark secrets and ploys for power.