World Alzheimer’s Day: 21

Stage 1 : No impairment

During this stage, the disease is not detectable and no memory problems or other symptoms of dementia are evident.

Stage 2 : Very mild decline

Minor memory problems but the person will still do well on memory tests and the disease is unlikely to be detected by physicians.

Stage 3 : Mild decline

Difficulty finding the right words during conversations, remembering names of new acquaintances, planning and organising.

Stage 4: Moderate decline

The symptoms can be detected as the person will have difficulties with simple arithmetics, may forget details about his or her life histories and have poor short-term memory.

Stage 5: Moderately severe decline

Symptoms include significant confusion, inability to recall simple details and difficulty in dressing appropriately.

Stage 6: Severe decline

Symptoms include confusion or unawareness of environment and surroundings, major personality changes and potential behaviour problems. Needs constant supervision and assistance with daily living.

Stages 7: Very severe decline

As Alzheimer’s is a terminal illness, patients in stage 7 are nearing death. In the final stages of the illness, patients may lose their ability to swallow.