INTEGRATE MORAL, RELIGIOUS VALUES IN EDUCATION SYSTEM
It is worrisome that education has been increasingly confined to professional skills and training for employment only
SINCE the initial dust has now settled and Dr Maszlee Malik assumed the education minister portfolio, it is perhaps timely to reflect on his suitability for the job.
Dr Maszlee is an academic with decades of affiliation with a university and has memberships and fellowships with research institutions and think tanks. Therefore, many must have thought that his appointment as education minister would make perfect sense. But it did not to some commentators and petitioners. They did not see the logic and did not welcome Prime Minister Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad’s decision.
In their opinion, Dr Maszlee’s PhD in good governance from a reputable Western university, plurilingual repertoire and shuttling between the academic disciplines of Islamic jurisprudence and political science did not give him an edge.
Before the Simpang Renggam member of parliament was sworn in as education minister on May 21, opposition to his appointment were clichéd terms and banal vocabulary. His critics attached labels such as “Islamist”, “Salafist”, and “defender of Zakir Naik”, “supporter of extremism” and “Muslim Brotherhood sympathiser”. What they seemed to oppose is his “Islamic leanings” and possible inculcation of Islamic values in the education system of a Muslim-majority country.
There may be debates about how religion is taught in Malaysian schools of various levels and what changes the new education minister should make; but, dismissing the need for religious (Islamic) teachings in public education amounts to a denial of the reality of educational and social life. The petitioners against Dr Maszlee are not mindful of the fact that an educational system imbued with Islamic values can be a panacea for a multitude of problems such as corruption, sexual misconduct, smoking and other addictions, substance abuse, poor work ethics and other dangerous behaviours.
There was a campaign to malign the character of Dr Maszlee and to associate him with “indoctrination” and “radicalisation”. This is unfair. Dr Maszlee may be a newbie in active politics, but he has a long career of research, teaching and public/academic speaking.
Given the fact that humanity is in the grip of a worldwide crisis in education, it is untenable to regard religion as irrelevant to the education system. It is worrisome to conscientious scholars both in the East and West that education has been increasingly confined to professional skills and training for employment only.
Harvard professor Harry Lewis, in his book, Excellence without a Soul: How a Great University Forgot Education (2006), sums up the crisis in modern education: “Society is going to hell in a handbasket, and the great universities are going to get there first”.
According to Lewis, modern educational institutions largely “feed students candy rather than tougher stuff that will strengthen their ethical bones”. Teachers and lecturers “treat a course like a tube of toothpaste: they squeeze out a little bit of material every day … and they try to ensure that the tube is empty at the end of the term, clenching the tube in both fists during the last week if necessary”.
Nowadays, educational attainments are driven by selfish reasons such as greed for money and status, lust for power and other materialistic ends. Most students choose university degrees for reasons of career concerns only. As a result, “the relationship of the students to the college” has become “increasingly that of a consumer to a vendor of expensive goods and services”. Sadly, the accumulation of wealth and reckless material aggrandizement seems to have become the sole reason for the pursuit of education. As a result, compassion, honesty, integrity and all other cherished and treasured values are gradually disappearing from society. Eventually, sufferers will not be only a certain religious group, rather the entire humanity.
I am not suggesting that education should be otherworldly and out of touch with contemporary society and its structures. What I argue for here is the integration of moral and religious values in pedagogical practices. The best way to address the educational crisis is the integration approach to embrace the faith and learning. This involves inculcating religious and universally accepted moral values in teaching and learning.
In this respect, Dr Maszlee’s Islamic background should be a reason to celebrate, not a cause for concern. Time will tell us about the extent of his success or failure as education minister. To pass judgment on the basis of his “religious leanings” only is illconsidered and hasty.
On a final note, those who seek to dichotomise Islam and education should bear in mind that the first revelation that Prophet Muhammad received from God is the command to: “Read!” (Quran, 96:1).
According to Quranic verses 2:251, 3:48, 12:37 and 18:65-66, all prophets invariably received the inestimable blessing of knowledge from God; and the term ilm (knowledge) and its derivatives appear hundreds of times in the Quran. What is more, Prophet Muhammad famously said: “I have been sent as a teacher.”
The scope of this article does not allow me to elaborate more on the Islamic concept of education. However, suffice to say that, contrary to the charges of rigidity and backwardness, Islamic education and Islamic world view interpretations — being organic and fluid — can be oriented towards specific life domains without compromising the basic principles of Islam.
Nowadays, educational attainments are driven by selfish reasons such as greed for money and status, lust for power and other materialistic ends.
The writer is with the Department of English Language and Literature, International Islamic University Malaysia