Fasting has multiple health benefits
TO understand what happens to the body during fasting, it is important to first understand how the body responds to food. Our bodies convert food into energy, and any excess is converted into glycogen, which is stored.
This process is regulated by insulin, which the body produces when we eat. The more we eat, the more insulin is produced and more energy is stored.
In contrast, when a person fasts, the body will first use energy from the last meal consumed before turning to stored glycogen, explains dietitian Nur Adila Samingan from IMU University’s Nutrition and Dietetics Department
Over the course of the day, the body will break down stored protein and fats for energy.
To protect itself, the body increases the production of growth hormones to reduce muscle loss.
Fasting also reduces the production of oxidative stress and increases antioxidant enzyme activity, hence reducing inflammation.
This is associated with a longer, healthier lifespan, explains Nur Adila.
However, the reality of fasting can be challenging, especially for children or new converts to Islam who are doing it for the first time, says Nur Adila.
“It is an obligation for adult Muslims to fast during Ramadan. Children can start doing so when they reach puberty.”
To help ease children into fasting, she recommends that parents introduce fasting gradually before they come of age.
“To prepare them for the future when they are obligated to fast for the full duration, parents can encourage children to fast for half a day, or fast from food while permitting water. Be sure to celebrate their achievements to keep them motivated.”
Even for those who have been fasting for many years, the first few days will be a period of adjustment as the body adapts to the different eating schedule.
For those fasting for the first time, remember that our bodies adapt quickly, says Nur Adila.
Those with diabetes, however, should discuss with their doctors on how best to manage their medication and food intake to prevent blood sugar levels from getting too high or too low.
Among diabetes patients, frequent urination is a sign of high blood sugar, while cold sweats or dizziness are signs of low blood sugar.
Individuals who have gastritis should also avoid common triggers, which include foods with high fat content, spicy food, pepper, citrus juices, carbonated drinks and caffeine.
However, people have different reactions to different foods, so it is best to consult with your doctor first for advice based on the severity of your condition, says Nur Adila.