China’s private placement boom on borrowed time
SHANGHAI: A three-year boom in private share placements in China, a handy way around tighter control of public share issuance, is running on fumes as Beijing turns its sights on the speculative excesses and dubious value the boom has engendered.
Regulators have tightly restricted new public share sales since mid-2015, blaming them for draining cash from the rest of the share market while the country’s main bourses nosedived, but that pushed more firms into more loosely regulated private placements to raise funds.
The private placement market jumped fivefold from 2013 to 1.18 trillion yuan (US$172 billion) in 2016, dwarfing the market for initial public offerings (IPO), which raised just 147.6 billion yuan last year.
But since the end of last year, the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) has been tightening its approval process for private placements, challenging the deal prices and the purposes of the cash being raised.
Wu Kan, head of equity trading at Shanshan Finance, said the private placement market had become a ‘black box’ for speculative acquisitions, money misuse and even criminality as some investors colluded with listed companies to inflate share valuations.
Market participants think a change in rules is imminent and the pendulum will swing back towards initial public offerings (IPOs) and other public fundraising.
“Fundraising via private placement will likely shrink quite drastically this year due to tighter regulation, but the number of IPOs will increase,” said Wu, whose firm has invested in privately placed shares.
Such deals have been popular with issuers and investors, with long lock-up periods in exchange for big discounts, but on Jan. 20, the CSRC expressed its discomfort with companies using the funds for backdoor listings, to invest in unrelated industries or contrive restructurings of no obvious commercial benefit.
“The biggest problem is that some listed companies raise funds excessively. Their funding structure is irrational, and they use the proceeds too much at will, and in an inefficient manner,” CSRC spokesman Zhang Xiaojun said.
The deals have on occasion masked market manipulation.
Last month Chinese hedge fund manager Xu Xiang was jailed for 5-1/2 years for colluding with 13 listed companies in driving up their share prices, and profiting from non- public information, having taken part in private placements made by several of the named companies.
The CSRC has admitted that the decade-old rules for private placements are ripe for revision and wants to encourage alternative capital raising routes.
“CSRC will develop the market for convertible bonds and preferred shares, to curb excessive fundraising by listed firms,” Zhang said.
One of its concerns is that companies are channelling cash into high-yielding wealth management products via the shadow-banking industry, an opaque avenue for risky lending that is difficult for regulators to monitor and assess.
Last year, 767 listed companies spent a combined 726.8 billion yuan buying wealth management products, the official Securities Times reported.
The private placement tide already appears to be going out. — Reuters