Tale of ancient spiders with whip-like tails
WASHINGTON: If you are not a fan of spiders, you may not like the creepy little arachnid scientists found entombed in chunks of amber from northern Myanmar. Unlike its spider cousins alive today, this guy had a tail.
Scientists on Monday described four specimens of the arachnid, called Chimerarachne yingi, that inhabited a Cretaceous Period tropical forest about 100 million years ago during the dinosaur age.
Alongside modern spider traits such as a silk-producing structure called a spinneret, it possessed a remarkably primitive feature: a whip-like tail covered in short hairs that it may have used for sensing predators and prey.
“It is a key fossil for understanding spider origins,” said palaeontologist Bo Wang of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
“Our new fossil most likely represents the earliest branch of spiders, and implies that there was a lineage of tailed spiders that presumably originated in the Paleozoic (the geological era that ended 251 million years ago) and survived at least into the Cretaceous of South-East Asia.”
Despite its fearsome appearance, the fanged Chimerarachne was only about 7.5mm long, more than half of which was its tail.
University of Kansas palaeontologist Paul Selden said Chimerarachne represents “a kind of missing link” between true spiders and earlier spider forerunners that had tails but lacked spinnerets.
“Chimerarachne could be considered as a spider. It all depends on where we decide to draw the line,” Selden said. “I am sure arachnophobes would not like this animal, except that it is only a few millimetres long, so it would be living almost unseen by them.”
The earliest arachnids, a group including spiders, scorpions, mites, ticks and others, dates to about 420 million years ago.
The oldest-known true spiders lived about 315 million years ago. — Reuters