Lithuanians seek identity in their pagan roots
VILNIUS: Dancing around a blazing fire with garlands of wildflowers in their hair, members of Lithuania’s Romuva neo-pagan community mark the summer solstice, as the Baltic state undergoes a revival of its pre-Christian beliefs.
Skipping to the steady beat of drums, other singing revellers at the feast – known locally as Rasa – pass under an arbour decorated with flowers before throwing salt on an altar as an offering to ancient Baltic gods.
“It’s a beautiful tradition ... at this time of year, everything’s in full bloom and we feel close to nature,” said Virginija Miceliene, a 40-yearold florist attending the solstice celebrations in the lush Verkiai Park, just north of the capital Vilnius.
The last nation in Europe to be converted to Christianity at the end of the 14th century, many Lithuanians are still deeply attached to pagan customs.
Thousands celebrate Rasa each year and controversial moves are afoot in parliament to accord Romuva the legal status of a religion in the predominantly Catholic country.
“Our religion is based on historical sources, archaeological discoveries and traditional culture transmitted orally,” said Romuva high priestess Inija Trinkuniene as she presided over Rasa rites.
Dressed in a white cowl and dark green robe covered by a flowing white cape embroidered with traditional red and green geometric designs, Trinkuniene looked as if she had stepped straight out of the Middle Ages.
“More people are discovering our practices and find that they feel close to them because it’s something very Lithuanian,” she said, surrounded by similarly clad Romuva believers, both young and old.
A pantheistic religion based on the belief that the natural world is divine, Romuva holds the god of lightning and thunder, or Perkunas, and Zeme, or Mother Earth, as its top deities. Earth’s cycles mark out its feast days.
Suppressed by the Soviets after their occupation of Lithuania in 1940, Romuva and its Rasa feast was furtively revived in 1967 by ethnologist and dissident Jonas Trinkunas as a way to express Lithuanian national identity.
But by 1973, the nascent movement was driven deep underground after Soviet authorities cracked down on its leaders.
Romuva has attracted thousands since 1990, when Lithuania broke free from the crumbling Soviet Union.
However, the only official figures cite some 5,118 followers and date back to the 2011 census.
Parliament is expected to formally recognise Romuva as a religious community later this year, giving pagan marriages and baptisms the same civil status as Christian, Jewish or Muslim ceremonies.
Ramunas Karbauskis, a farming tycoon and leader of Lithuania’s governing Peasants and Green Union party, is widely regarded as having masterminded moves to accord Romuva legal status in this Baltic eurozone state.
Having won elections in 2016, his party’s popularity was driven in part by his reputation for reviving ancient Baltic customs, most notably in his tiny home village of Naisiai.
He transformed it from a derelict Soviet-era state farm into a pastoral wonderland boasting public gardens dotted with wooden statues of pagan-era Baltic gods.