Tanks, suicide bombs and bayonets
THE soldier was grinning, his wounds bandaged but blood still on his hands. He had the weary, cynical, joyful eyes of a man who had survived. Gunfire cracked around the little hut in which he talked, outgoing mortars and a tank that blazed away into Jobar every few minutes from an outcrop of the Qassioun mountain.
“They came in their hundreds,” he said. “They came in suicide cars and when we tried to rocket them, they came out of tunnels.” There were, said his comrades, maybe four thousand in all. Jabhat al-Nusra, one of the brand names of Al-Qaeda. And then another soldier said something strange. “They talked in classical Arabic.”
But yes of course they would, wouldn’t they? A literary language, the language of the Quran. The wounded soldier said, “We’ve talked about it among ourselves, what makes these people fight, this Wahabi-Salafist ideology. We had to fight so close that one of us had to use a bayonet to stab one of the attackers to save the life of another soldier.”
For this man, the battle started at 5am last Monday and finished three hours later when a bullet smashed into his arm. He still doesn’t know how he escaped. He pointed upwards with his finger, the traditional way of telling you that it was God’s work. By evening that day, the gunfire was scarcely half a mile from the gates of the ancient Roman city.
Up close to the old international highway to Homs and the north of Syria, there are new Russian main battle tanks reversing in clouds of black dust, anti-aircraft guns to fire over open sights and a batch of mortars that sent shells quivering over our heads today into the great, smashed industrial estate of Jobar, a wasteland of concrete and iron factories into which the Nusra men – one junior Syrian officer said they numbered in all a staggering 4,000 – emerged last Monday. Grey smoke billowed out of the factory ruins as jets bombed at low level. Rule of thumb: if you can’t see the planes, they are Russian. I could see these MiGs. They were Syrian.
At one point last week, some Damascenes feared that Nusra might break into the centre of the city, and Gulf television presenters gleefully announced the news. “They” didn’t make it, although I found a Syrian television crew stationed in Abassiyeen square, partly, I suspect, to prove Al-Jazeera and the other anti-Assad Gulf channels are lying if they claim that Nusra have crossed the broken sports stadium on the eastern side.
But what was it about, this explosion of Nusra/Al-Qaeda fighters last week? To mark the start of Syria’s revolution seven years ago? To take the shine off the detritus of eastern Aleppo after the government’s capture of the enclave? Or – the favourite within the Syrian army – an opposition game to give its divided leadership more power to win points and wreck the latest round of “peace” talks in Geneva.
Syrian troops are back in the factories, digging their own tunnels and the tanks up on Qassioun are pouring their fire onto the highway between Qaboun and Jobar to prevent Nusra moving reinforcements of ammunition and food to the south. High up on the rockside, you can just see the bloom of their fire – big, golden and obscene – and it takes all of 12 seconds for their shells to rumble across northeastern Damascus and land in Jobar.
The civil population of this partly middleclass suburb, Sunni Muslims mostly, fled their homes years ago – many have rather oddly moved to Greece – so this is an all military battle, fought between men who have come to like fighting, the army yet again claiming a victory. One soldier said he thought 500 Nusra men had been killed. As usual, no one spoke of prisoners.
Maybe the best way of illustrating how this latest phase of the Syrian war is being fought is to let soldiers talk for themselves. It’s a story of tunnels – just as in Homs and eastern Aleppo and, in an intriguing parallel, amid the equally smashed Sheikh Najjar industrial estate north of Aleppo two years ago. Here is the wounded soldier.
“We were in the textile factory and at 5am (on March 20), we saw a suicide car. We tried to rocket it. They were shelling us. One car bomb was near our factory and it exploded and it made a break in the north front of the factory. We regrouped, but in minutes they were sneaking in from the other side. Then another group came out of a tunnel. Then there was another huge suicide bomb.”
The same soldier’s colleague spoke of more car bombs. “On the second day, it was difficult to move because of the huge amount of damage and all the smoke. We retook all the territory we’d lost and encircled hundreds of them. It was a fierce battle but then another suicide bomber came at us. This time it was a BMP (a Russian armoured vehicle) full of explosives. We stopped them reinforcing from Qaboun (to the north).”
There was another car bomb, some of the fighting taking place this time inside the ruins of yet another factory that once made orange crush juice. A third soldier. “We could hear on their radio that one of their groups was trapped and he was shouting desperately to his comrades outside: ‘If you don’t evacuate us, we will abandon our position.’ All the attacks involved waves of fighters.”
Even given the tendency for soldiers to exaggerate, it’s clear that the Syrian army has recovered much ground. But can they hold it? Where does all the Nusra ammunition come from? I spoke to a soldier in Seif al-Dawla street close to a tracked anti-aircraft gun.
“A month ago, we raided a house at Barzi (north of Damascus) and we found more drones than you can imagine. At least three rooms. Where did they get them?” The soldiers blame Turkey, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the US, although Nusra is also still fighting with guns and vehicles captured from the Syrian army.
“Everything that happens here is linked to something else – attacks and peace conferences,” Raed said. He was a 25-yearold volunteer soldier from Idlib – as an only son, he cannot be forced to fight – standing next to an old traffic warning sign of better days which cautioned motorists that they were approaching “dangerous crossroads”. Dangerous indeed. This war has taken on such routine clothes that I found soldiers casually speeding off on motorcycles to buy sandwiches.
Another climbed wearily from the back seat of an old yellow city taxi, Kalashnikov in hand. A soldier comes to war by taxi. Now that’s something to think about. – The Independent