Taking control of diabetes

TYPE-2 DIABETES is a chronic condition that affects the way your body processes its most important source of fuel – sugar.

It accounts for approximately 90% of all people with diabetes, usually over the age of 40.

It is characterised by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. Insulin is a hormone that regulates how the body metabolises sugar (glucose).

When the body is resistant or does not make enough insulin, it will not be able to maintain healthy glucose levels.

Previously common in mostly adults, Type-2 diabetes is increasingly affecting children, as childhood obesity increases.

Type-2 diabetes often develops slowly, and in time, presents itself as symptoms. These symptoms include an increased thirst and frequent urination. This is caused by sugar build-up, which causes fluids to be pulled from the tissues.

Without enough sugar going to your muscles, the body essentially loses energy, and in response, this triggers an intense feeling of hunger.

However, despite eating more than usual, those with Type-2 diabetes will still lose weight, as they cannot metabolise glucose. This will cause the body to use stored muscle and fat as fuel instead.

Deprived of sugar, those with Type-2 diabetes will feel fatigued. On the other hand, if their blood sugar is too high, they may experience physical side effects, such as blurred vision.

This type of diabetes also affects the body’s ability to heal, causing slow-healing sores and frequent infections.

Some people with Type-2 diabetes have patches of dark, velvety skin in the folds and creases of their bodies, usually in the armpits and neck. This condition, called acanthosis nigricans, may be a sign of insulin resistance.

Although there is no cure, Type2 diabetes can be prevented and you may be able to manage the condition.

Certain lifestyle changes can also slow or halt the progression of the disease.

All you need to do is eat healthy foods, get physically active, and lose excess weight. – Agencies