European court set to study soccer's homegrown player quotas
A second soccer legal case is heading to the European Court of Justice, after the referral of the Super League clubs' dispute with UEFA.
A judge in Belgium has now asked the European Union's court in Luxembourg to examine if UEFA-backed homegrown player rules, designed to protect young local talents, comply with free movement of labor and competition law in the 27-nation bloc.
Rules shaped by UEFA since 2005 — with aims that include limiting wealthy clubs hoarding players from across Europe — and later applied in Belgium were challenged in that country as a restriction on recruitment and team selection options.
The referral decision was made Friday by a judge in the Frenchspeaking court of first instance in Brussels.
The case was started last year by Royal Antwerp and its thenplayer Lior Refaelov, an Israel international. It challenges the Belgian soccer federation for setting quotas of homegrown players in a club's first-team squad and matchday team list.
A Belgian club's squad limit of 25 senior players over the age of 21 must include eight players who were developed in the country. At least six homegrown players must be among the starting lineup or substitutes for a game.
Lawyers for Royal Antwerp and the 35-year-old Refaelov argued their ability to recruit, be signed and make team selections have been limited, according to a Brussels court document seen by The Associated Press.
Among their arguments is that homegrown quotas favor higher population countries having a larger pool of potential players. Belgium's population is about 11.5 million.
The Belgian federation has applied homegrown quotas since 2011, at the start of a decade when the men's national team became the world's top-ranked and reached the 2018 World Cup semifinals.
The federation followed UEFA, which got approval from national members in 2005 to create a rule designed to protect local-trained players in its club competitions like the Champions League.
"It also aims to counter the trend for hoarding players and to try to re-establish a 'local' identity at clubs," UEFA has said of its homegrown rule.
Since 2009, a club playing in UEFA competitions must name eight homegrown players of any nationality in a 25-player squad. There are no quotas on matchday team selection.
At least four of the homegrown players must have spent three years with the club between the ages of 15 and 21. Up to four could have been trained at another club from the same country.
Because nationality is not a barrier, the UEFA rule was judged in 2008 by the European Commission in Brussels to allow free movement of labor.
Still, the judge in Brussels decided last week to ask for preliminary rulings from Luxembourg to interpret articles 45 and 101 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union.
The European Court of Justice has a storied history with soccer and is currently studying the high-stakes Super League case. Clubs led by Real Madrid, Barcelona and Juventus are trying to end what they say is a UEFA-FIFA monopoly on organizing international competitions.
The court delivered the socalled Bosman Ruling in 1995 that had a seismic effect on soccer.
That verdict in favor of Belgian journeyman Jean-Marc Bosman freed out-of-contract players to join another club without a transfer fee and helped drive up salaries. It also ended nationality quotas which limited clubs hiring players from inside the EU.
One of Bosman's lawyers, JeanLouis Dupont, is part of the team representing Royal Antwerp. He and another Belgian lawyer, Martin Hissel, are also working with the Super League clubs.