EU legal adviser says some FIFA player transfer rules may breach EU law

FIFA rules on transfers can con‐ flict with European Union legisla‐ tion relating to competition and freedom of movement because they limit possibilities for players to change clubs, and for clubs to hire, a senior EU legal adviser said on Tuesday.

Advocate General Maciej Szpunar gave his opinion after French soccer player Lassana Di‐ arra legally challenged FIFA rules.

The Diarra case went through FIFA judicial bodies before the 2016 election of FIFA president Gianni Infantino, who has made it a priority to modernize transfer market rules.

Former France international Di‐ arra signed a four‐year contract with Lokomotiv Moscow in 2013. The deal was terminated a year later after Diarra was unhappy with alleged pay cuts.

Lokomotiv Moscow applied to the FIFA dispute resolution chamber for compensation and the player submitted a counter‐ claim seeking compensation for unpaid wages. The Court of Arbi‐ tration for Sport found the Russ‐ ian club terminated the contract with Diarra "with just cause" and the player was condemned to pay 10.5 million euros ($11.2 mil‐ lion).

Diarra claimed his search for a new club was hampered by FIFA rules stipulating that any new side would be jointly responsible with him for paying compensa‐ tion to Lokomotiv.

The former Real Madrid player also argued that a potential deal with Belgian club Charleroi fell through because of the FIFA rules, and sued FIFA and the Bel‐ gian federation at a Belgian court for damages and loss of earnings of six million euros ($7 million).

Szpunar proposed the Euro‐ pean Court of Justice should reply to the questions referred by the Belgian tribunal "by finding that the FIFA rules governing con‐ tractual relations between play‐ ers and clubs may prove to be contrary to the European rules on competition and freedom of movement of persons."

"He finds that there can be no doubt as to the restrictive nature of (FIFA transfer regulations) with regard to freedom of move‐ ment," the court said in a state‐ ment, noting the restrictive rules can be justified only in specific circumstances.

"These provisions are such as to discourage and dissuade clubs from hiring the player for fear of financial risk. The sporting sanc‐ tions faced by clubs hiring the player can effectively prevent a player from exercising his or her profession with a club located in another member state."

Advocates General routinely provide legal guidance to the ECJ. Their opinions aren't binding on the Luxembourg‐based court, but are followed in most cases.

Concerning competition rules, Szpunar found that FIFA rules on transfers, "by limiting clubs' abil‐ ity to recruit players, necessarily affect competition between clubs on the market for the acquisition of professional players."

Szpunar's opinion follows a court ruling last year finding that UEFA and FIFA acted unlawfully to block the rebel Super League.