Dangerous times for Middle Eastern media
Killing journalists is no big deal. ‘‘Get rid of them. Fake news is a great term, isn’t it? You don’t have this problem in Russia, but we do,’’ said Donald Trump to Vladimir Putin, the one international leader he never criticises or condemns. They were joking together at the G20 summit in Japan, and Putin replied: ‘‘We also have. It’s the same.’’
No, it isn’t. Twenty-six Russian journalists have been murdered since Putin became president, and the Russian media have become very cautious about what they say. No journalists have been killed for political reasons in the United States on Trump’s watch, and the American media can still do their jobs. Some of them do, and some don’t, but there’s nothing new about that.
What is relatively new is that it’s getting seriously unhealthy for journalists in the Middle East to criticise the United States or its local allies. The highest-profile case recently was the slaughter of Saudi Arabian journalist Jamal Khashoggi in the Saudi embassy in Istanbul by a Saudi government death squad.
Khashoggi wrote for The Washington Post, so his murder attracted a lot of attention, but those facing the biggest threat are the journalists who work for the Al Jazeera Media Network. It’s the best news network in the Arab world (with a full Englishlanguage service as well), and it’s worried that Saudi Arabia is going to bomb its headquarters in Qatar.
In fact, Al Jazeera management have been taking out full-page paid advertisements in leading world newspapers pointing out that they now face a ‘‘credible death threat’’ from Saudi Arabia. Unfortunately, they’re right.
It began with a tweet in mid-June from highranking Saudi journalist Khaled al-Matrafi, claiming that Al Jazeera’s headquarters in Doha was ‘‘a legitimate and logical target’’ for the Saudiled,
US-backed coalition that has been bombing the living daylights out of Yemen for four years.
Al-Matrafi is not just some loose cannon. He is the former director of the Al Arabiya news channel, originally founded by relatives of the Saudi royal family to counter criticism from Al Jazeera. He is also known to be close to the kingdom’s decisionmakers (including Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, who probably gave the orders to murder and dismember Jamal Khashoggi).
Twitter took down al-Matrafi’s tweet after a day, but Al Arabiya is often used to convey official Saudi threats. When Saudi Arabia and its Arab allies imposed a blockade on Qatar in 2017 (partly to force it to close down Al Jazeera), Al Arabiya’s general manager at the time, Abdulrahman al-Rashed, warned that if Qatar did not submit, Al Jazeera’s staff (of 94 nationalities) would be massacred when the invasion came.
The invasion did not happen, probably due to American intervention, so Qatar is still independent, and Al Jazeera is still in business. But Washington was trying to avoid embarrassment, not to save Al Jazeera. In fact, it generally sees the network as an enemy.
Back in 2001, when George W Bush was planning the invasion of Afghanistan, Abu Dhabi, Saudi Arabia’s closest ally, urged him to bomb Al Jazeera’s office in Kabul – and gave him its coordinates. By an amazing coincidence, the US did bomb the office a couple of weeks later.
By an even more amazing coincidence, exactly the same sequence of events led to the destruction of Al Jazeera’s Baghdad office during the US invasion of Iraq in 2003. The US was given the office’s coordinates (by Al Jazeera itself this time), and US forces proceeded to destroy it, killing three journalists.
So it’s understandable that the network’s journalists take a Saudi threat to attack them seriously, especially when it looks like the US and Saudi Arabia are thinking about going to war with Iran. Or rather, Saudi Arabia is pushing for America to go to war with Iran, while the Saudis (and the Israelis) cheer from the sidelines.
Qatar, a small peninsula sticking out into the Persian Gulf from the Arabian coast, is directly between Iran and Saudi Arabia. It might not get invaded by Saudi Arabia in that hypothetical war, but would either the US or Saudi Arabia take out Al Jazeera’s headquarters if a war gave them the excuse? Of course they would.
Would Saudi Arabia do it even before that war starts, using the Yemen war as a pretext, as alMatrafi suggested? Less likely, but not unthinkable. There’s not a great deal left that’s unthinkable in today’s Middle East.
Would either the US or Saudi Arabia take out Al Jazeera’s headquarters if a war gave them the excuse? Of course they would.