The 7 layers of a food forest

1. The canopy trees (eg, large fruit & nut trees)

2. The low tree layer (eg, dwarf/low-growing fruit trees, bamboo)

3. The shrub layer (eg, currants, berries, flax)

4. Herbaceous perennials (eg, comfrey, mint, sage, tansy)

5. The roots (eg, carrots, beets, potatoes)

6. The soil surface (eg, ginger, strawberries)

7. The vertical layer (eg, kiwifruit, grapes)