Taranaki Daily News

How to democratis­e agricultur­e?

- Glen Herud Founder of the Happy Cow Milk Company

You can’t have sustainabi­lity without diversity. It doesn’t matter what area of life we look at, diversity makes things more resilient and successful for more people over the long term.

For example, diverse pastures of perennial and annual grasses, legumes and herbs all working together.

The legumes providing nitrogen to the other plants, some plants do better when it’s wet, other plants withstand the dry. The mix of flowers and leaf types attract a mix of insects and bees, which, in turn, attract a mixture of bird life.

The mixture of stolons, shallow fine roots and deep tap roots enables diverse microbes in the soil.

These diverse pastures have multiple species that all benefit.

Monocultur­es are the opposite of diversity. They are systems with very few species.

A monocultur­e pasture includes just one or two plant species.

Optimisati­on is the driver of monocultur­es. The most profitable plant is chosen, the rest are deemed to be less beneficial and are excluded.

To successful­ly optimise something you have to choose just one or two things to optimise. What gets optimised is determined by those in charge. They are the gatekeeper­s.

The monocultur­e pasture out performs everything else, so it becomes the adopted practice. But it only wins on the optimised metrics. It loses if you are measuring the number of worms, soil microbes, insect life, birdlife, resilience or environmen­tal impact.

Monocultur­es win in the short term, while diversity is a long-term strategy.

Businesses and entire industries can develop monocultur­es too. A monocultur­e of ideas and a narrow view of what defines success.

No-one goes out to purposely create a monocultur­e in a business. They kind of just happen. The organisati­on is always optimising, looking for the most profitable product, or customer, or employees and excluding things that are deemed less valuable. Exclusion just happens.

Token diversity develops. This is diversity that looks good. It’s diversity that fits within comfortabl­e limits that can be tolerated by the gatekeeper­s. People, thinking and ideas that are within acceptable limits and promoted in the name of diversity. But everybody knows the optimised monocultur­e exists intact under the surface.

Monocultur­es are optimised for square holes and if you’re a square peg, then you can do well.

If you’re a round peg you have to act like a square peg to fit in. You have to do things in the optimised, generic way. Monocultur­es are closed shops only accessible to the acceptable and the approved.

The way to overcome a monocultur­e industry is to democratis­e it. This is the act of making something accessible to everyone.

Democratis­ation is critical for diversity because it allows the people who wouldn’t normally get selected by the gatekeeper to select themselves.

Diversity just happens in a democratis­ed industry.

The printing press democratis­ed the written word. Now knowledge could be shared more easily. Martin Luther used the printing press to spread new ideas and doctrine that caused a reformatio­n.

Digitisati­on is the ultimate democratis­er. It removes gatekeeper­s. When something is digitised, it drops in cost and becomes available to everybody.

The digitisati­on of music allowed anybody to share music. It removed the monocultur­e gatekeeper­s who made us buy a whole album when we only wanted one song.

The internet is the digital version of the printing press. It’s allowed bloggers to become journalist­s. Some of the most influentia­l media companies were started by bloggers choosing themselves.

My kids watch a boy called Ryan on YouTube. All Ryan does is play with the latest toys. His parents make US$20 million (NZ$29m) a year from that channel.

The gatekeeper­s of the monocultur­e TV industry would never have agreed to Ryan’s show. It doesn’t conform to the optimal way to make a TV show.

Ryan makes US$20m a year because toy companies know he is a better salesman than TV. Online video is digital TV and YouTube democratis­ed it.

Trade Me digitised trust. Now strangers were comfortabl­e buying stuff they hadn’t even seen from each other. It removed the gatekeeper­s from many industries and anybody could become a retailer.

How can agricultur­e be democratis­ed? How can agricultur­e be digitised? Who are the gatekeeper­s that can be removed? What sorts of diversity can be achieved if agricultur­e is open to anybody? Who’s going to choose themselves?

 ??  ?? The printing press democratis­ed the written word, allowing knowledge to be shared more easily. Martin Luther used the printing press to spread new ideas and doctrine that caused a reformatio­n.
The printing press democratis­ed the written word, allowing knowledge to be shared more easily. Martin Luther used the printing press to spread new ideas and doctrine that caused a reformatio­n.

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