Deadly ‘zombie’ drug back
Adeadly drug known for inducing zombie-like behaviour and playing a part in more than 60 deaths has been found in the community again, putting authorities on high alert. Scientists detected the chemical compound — called AMB-Fubinaca — in seized synthetic drug sample originating from Northland, the Bay of Plenty and Christchurch.
The chemical’s effects are reportedly 75 times stronger than THC, the psychoactive compound found in cannabis. Users often overdose quickly from very small doses.
Of 58 cases of AMB-Fubinaca intoxication identified in Auckland, 93 per cent of victims died at the place they were using the substance, drug information group High Alert said.
However, AMB-Fubinaca appeared to then temporarily disappear from the market, with the last New Zealand detection in November 2019. That was what made the three recent detections extremely alarming, High Alert said.
“The unusually wide geographic range of these most recent detections causes concern there could be a wider re-emergence of AMBFubinaca in the community,” it said.
“This is particularly concerning as AMBFubinaca has been one of the most lethal illicit substances in New Zealand in recent years.”
In September last year, Chief Coroner
AMB-Fubinaca has been one of the most lethal illicit substances in New Zealand.
Drug-information group High Alert
Deborah Marshall revealed after a coronial inquiry that at least 75 people in the country had died after taking synthetic drugs between June 2017 to 2019. AMB-Fubinaca was involved in 80 per cent of those deaths.
It also became infamous for inducing zombie-like behaviour, and fuelling an outbreak in New York in 2016 that gained it worldwide notoriety.
High Alert said the immediate effects of AMB-Fubinaca can include:
● Fast or irregular heartbeat
● High blood pressure
● Nausea, or vomiting
● Tremors
● Sedation, drowsiness
● Slowed reaction times
● Confusion, loss of touch with reality
● Paranoia, anxiety and panic attacks
● Loss of consciousness
Other serious effects reportedly include aggression, difficulty breathing, harmful thoughts, suicidal feelings, hallucinations, psychotic episodes, seizures, and death.
Associate professor Chris Wilkins, a drug researcher from Massey University, said AMB-Fubinaca was extremely dangerous.
“Its risk in synthetic cannabinoid products is exacerbated by unregulated black-market production and manufacturers with limited or no expertise in chemistry,” he said.
Greater research was needed to understand why some Kiwis used synthetic drugs.
“It is also worth noting that most people who use synthetic cannabis have reported they prefer to use natural cannabis, and consequently greater legal access to cannabis could be considered.
“Countries with more liberal cannabis laws are less likely to report synthetic cannabinoid use and related deaths.”
Doug Sellman, professor of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine at the University of Otago, also said that one of the downsides of banning natural cannabis was the emergence of highly potent and dangerous synthetic alternatives. These were often made into highly potent varieties that meant smaller quantities could be more easily hidden and transported.
“This phenomenon is exactly what happened in the United States during prohibition of alcohol (1920-1933) when very high potency alcohol produced illegally at the time for ease of transport and sale was associated with a concerning number of deaths,” Sellman said.
“This was a factor in the decision by the US government to regulate alcohol rather than continue prohibition.”