Swimming robot to help assess Fukushima damage
A Japanese industrial group has unveiled a swimming robot designed be used underwater to probe damage from meltdowns at the Fukushima Dai- Ichi nuclear plant after the March 2011 earthquake and tsunami.
Remote controlled robots are a key part of the decades- long decommissioning process, but superhigh radiation and structural damage have hampered attempts to probe damage to the reactors from meltdowns following the massive earthquake and tsunami in March 2011.
The developers said they plan to send the probe into the primary containment vessel of Unit 3 at Fukushima in the coming months to study the extent of damage and locate parts of melted fuel that is thought to have fallen to the bottom of the chamber and been submerged by highly radioactive water.
The robot, about the size of a loaf of bread and mounted with lights, manoeuvres with tail propellers and collects data using two cameras and a dosimeter.
Japan hopes to locate and start removing the fuel after Tokyo’s 2020 Olympics.
The biggest challenge is removing hundreds of tonnes of melted nuclear fuel and debris from the plant’s three wrecked reactors.
Earlier, snake and scorpionshaped robots became stuck inside two reactors. The scorpion robot’s crawling function failed and it was left inside the plant’s Unit 2 containment vessel. The other, designed for cleaning debris for the “scorpion” probe, was called back after t wo hours when t wo of its cameras stopped working after its total radiation exposure reached 1000 Sievert — a level that would kill a human within seconds. The plan had been to use the robot for 10 hours at an exposure level of 100 Sievert per hour.
The swimming robot shown to reporters at a Toshiba test facility near Tokyo was co- developed by the debt- strapped Japanese nuclear and electronics company and the government’s International Research Institute for Nuclear Decommissioning.
Scientists need to know the melted nuclear fuel’s exact location and understand structural damage in each of the three wrecked reactors to work out the optimum, safest way to remove the fuel.
“The fuel debris will be a challenge,” said Dale Klein, a former US Nuclear Regulatory Commission chief, who now serves as an outside adviser to the Tokyo Electric Power Co ( Tepco), the plant’s operator. He said it could take six months to a year to obtain necessary data and decide on how to remove the fuel.
“They will have to identify where it i s, then they will have to develop capability to remove it,” he said. “No one in the world has ever had to remove material like this before. So this is something new and it would have to be done carefully and accurately.”
Japanese officials say they want to determine preliminary removal methods over the coming months and to start work in 2021.
The decommissioning technology developers Irid and its partners have designed some basic robots, including a “muscle” arm robot made by Hitachi- GE Nuclear Energy, and an arm robot made by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. They are designed to approach the debris from the side of the reactors.
Tepco is struggling with the plant’s decommissioning, and the cost for decommissioning Fukushima Dai- Ichi is now estimated at ¥ 8 trillion yen ($ 99.8b), four times an earlier estimate. Part of that cost will be in-
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