On this day

1704

1913

1923

1933

1953

1957

1967

1968

1970

1970

– The first regular newspaper in British Colonial America, the News-Letter, is published in Boston, Massachusetts.

– The Woolworth Building skyscraper in New York City is opened.

– In Vienna, the paper Das Ich und das Es (The Ego and the Id) by Sigmund Freud is published, which outlines Freud’s theories of the id, ego, and super-ego.

– Nazi Germany begins its persecution of Jehovah’s Witnesses by shutting down the Watch Tower Society office in Magdeburg.

– Winston Churchill is knighted by Queen Elizabeth II.

– Suez Crisis: The Suez Canal is reopened following the introduction of UNEF peacekeepers to the region.

– Cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov dies in Soyuz 1 when its parachute fails to open. He is the first human to die during a space mission.

– Mauritius becomes a member state of the United Nations.

– The first Chinese satellite, Dong Fang Hong I, is launched.

– The Gambia becomes a republic within the Commonwealth of Nations, with Dawda Jawara as the first President.