Red Cross survey shows surging acceptance of torture in conflict

The survey carried out in 16 countries showed that most people believe wars should be limited by international rules

GENEVA: A vast Red Cross survey published on Monday indicated that the acceptance of torture during war has increased dramatically in recent decades, with fewer than half of people now categorically rejecting the practice.

The survey of more than 17,000 people carried out in 16 countries showed that most people believe wars should be limited by international rules, banning for instance indiscriminate attacks on populated areas or attacks on hospitals and healthcare workers.

But it also revealed that only 48 per cent of respondents said it was wrong to torture enemy combatants to obtain important military information, while a full 36 per cent said that doing so is permitted and 16 per cent said they did not know. In a similar survey conducted in 1999, 66 per cent of those questioned said it was blatantly wrong to use torture in such cases, while 28 per cent said that doing so was acceptable and six per cent were unsure.

“The results... show that we all need to redraw a line in the sand: torture in any form is forbidden,” Peter Maurer, President of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), said in a statement.

“We demonise our enemies at our own peril. Even in war, everyone deserves to be treated humanely,” he insisted.

“Using torture only triggers a race to the bottom. It has a devastating impact on the victims, and it brutalises entire societies for generations,” he warned.

The survey — the largest of its kind ever carried out by the ICRC — was conducted between June and September this year in 10 countries experiencing conflict, including Iraq, Nigeria and South Sudan.

Also included in the study were the five members of the UN Security Council — the United States, China, France, Russia and Britain, known as the P5 countries — as well as Switzerland.

The survey indicated that people who live in or near a conflict-affected country were “more likely to respond humanely to questions on the laws of war,” ICRC said in the statement.

In the P5 countries meanwhile, “it appears that people are more resigned to civilian casualties and suffering as an inevitable part of warfare,” it said.

For instance, a full 78 per cent of people living in countries affected by conflict said it was wrong to attack enemy fighters in populated areas where many civilians risked being killed, compared to just 50 per cent of respondents in P5 countries, the survey showed.

At 70 per cent, respondents in conflict-battered Nigeria were the most likely to say torture of an enemy fighter was acceptable to obtain important military information, followed by Israel at 50 per cent.