Lessons from Oman on path to peace...

As the world marks the International Day for the Prevention of Violent Extremism (PVE) as and when Conducive to Terrorism on February 12, a day recognised by the United Nations since 2016, the world is called to reflect on the multifaceted challenges of extremism and terrorism. This day underscores a grim reality: the proliferation of extremism has not only fuelled violence but has also precipitated an unparalleled humanitarian crisis, displacing millions and destabilising entire regions.

The principles underpinning this day resonate with universal human values and the foundational teachings of diverse religions and philosophies. Yet, the noble intentions behind these commemorations often clash with the harsh realities shaped by geopolitical interests. The ongoing strife in Gaza, now in its fifth month, exemplifies this contradiction, with daily atrocities unfolding in full view of the international community, including some members of the United Nations Security Council.

Extremism’s roots are complex, stemming from both internal ideological distortions and external pressures such as oppression. Misinterpretations of religious texts, whether from the Bible or the Quran, can lead to justifications for violence, overlooking the broader messages of peace and reconciliation inherent in these scriptures. For instance, verses that appear to advocate for conflict are often context-specific, addressing particular historical circumstances rather than endorsing universal aggression.

The external catalysts for extremism often involve oppression by state or global powers, as seen in the plight of Palestinians and historical struggles in regions like Cuba, Vietnam, Iraq and Afghanistan. Such oppression breeds resistance movements, some of which may adopt violent methods in their quest for survival and rights. Similarly, state tyranny within countries can fuel the rise of extremist factions, leading to internal divisions and conflicts, as witnessed in Syria, Yemen, and Sudan.

The role of international policies, particularly those of stable and prosperous nations, in fostering extremism cannot be overlooked. These policies, often driven by self-interest, contribute to extremism abroad, equating in some respects to the actions of terrorist groups. The label of “terrorism” is frequently misapplied to those resisting oppression, obscuring the legitimate struggle for freedom and human rights.

The world grapples with a litany of crises, from environmental degradation to pandemics and financial instability. Addressing these challenges necessitates a departure from expedient, self-serving policies that exacerbate global issues. The United Nations, with its noble humanitarian mission, faces a credibility crisis, undermined by the vested interests of veto-wielding nations and a failure to uphold global justice and equality.

Against this backdrop, the Sultanate of Oman offers a beacon of hope, demonstrating a viable path to combating extremism through intellectual, educational, and rhetorical engagement. Oman’s approach, emphasising justice, equality, and inclusive citizenship, stands in stark contrast to the broader regional turmoil. The late Sultan Qaboos bin Said’s advocacy for dynamic Islamic thinking and the adaptation of jurisprudential opinions to contemporary realities highlights the importance of evolving religious interpretations to prevent extremism. His Majesty Sultan Haitham bin Tarik advocates the same principles and ideals.

Oman’s experience, characterised by tolerance, internal coexistence, and a principled stance of neutrality in foreign affairs, provides valuable lessons in fostering peace and reconciliation. This approach has not only contributed to domestic stability but has also positioned Oman as a mediator and peacemaker in regional conflicts.

As we observe the International Day for the Prevention of Violent Extremism as and when Conducive to Terrorism, it is imperative to confront the underlying causes of extremism and terrorism, including tyranny, injustice, and the exploitation of human rights. The global community must commit to a more equitable world order that respects human dignity and fosters the expansion of freedoms. The experiences of nations like Oman, which have successfully navigated the challenges of extremism through a commitment to justice, peace, and inclusive governance, offer valuable insights and hope for a more peaceful and just world.

In conclusion, the fight against extremism and terrorism requires a multifaceted approach that addresses both the ideological underpinnings and the external pressures that fuel these phenomena. By learning from the experiences of nations like Oman and recommitting to the principles of human dignity, justice, and equality, the international community can make significant strides towards eradicating the scourge of extremism and terrorism.

The writer is interested in rapprochement and understanding. He is the author of The Jurisprudence of Terrorism

OMAN’S EXPERIENCE, CHARACTERISED BY TOLERANCE, INTERNAL COEXISTENCE, AND A PRINCIPLED STANCE OF NEUTRALITY IN FOREIGN AFFAIRS, PROVIDES VALUABLE LESSONS IN FOSTERING PEACE AND RECONCILIATION