House passes John Lewis voting rights bill, sends steps to Senate for tougher fight

House Democrats on Tuesday passed a sweeping voting rights bill named after Rep. John Lewis, DGa., the late civil rights icon. The John Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act was approved 219-212.

All Republicans voted against the legislation. The bill is part of congressional Democrats' broader campaign to strengthen voting laws at the federal level to fight restrictive voting laws passed in Republican-led states, such as Texas and Georgia.

However, it faces steep opposition in the Senate, where Democrats hold a wafer-thin majority. The House returned from its recess this week to take up the bipartisan infrastructure bill and a resolution for Democrats' $3.5 trillion budget package, which includes funding for much of President Joe Biden's legislative agenda.

The procedural motion used to pass the multitrillion-dollar resolution paved the way for the House to vote on the voting rights bill, which was reintroduced last week by Rep. Terri Sewell, D-Ala.

The legislation would require states with recent histories of discrimination to get federal "preclearance" to change their voting laws, which directly addresses the Supreme Court's 2013 ruling in Shelby County v. Holder. The ruling gutted the preclearance system in the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which civil rights advocates argue was successful in blocking proposed voting restrictions in states and localities with histories of racial discrimination.

House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., said in a statement last week that Congress had "not only an ironclad Constitutional mandate, but a moral responsibility" to pass the bill.

Shortly before its passage, Pelosi said on the House floor that the bill would honor Lewis' legacy. "We should have the right to vote and shouldn't be diminished by anyone. It is unpatriotic to undermine the ability of people who have a right to vote, who have access to the polls," she said. "As John knew, this precious pillar of our democracy is under attack from one of the worst voter suppression campaigns since Jim Crow."

It isn't the first time House Democrats have tackled election law. In March, House Democrats passed the For the People Act, a sweeping bill that seeks to change campaign finance, voting and ethics laws. The bill would expand access to the ballot box by creating automatic voter registration across the country by registering eligible voters whenever they interact with government agencies, restoring the voting rights of the formerly incarcerated, expanding early voting and modernizing the country's voting systems.

However, Senate Republicans filibustered the voting rights legislation in June, and the vote to advance an amended version of the For the People Act split along party lines 50-50, short of the 60 votes needed. All Democraticaligned senators voted to begin debate, and Republicans unanimously voted to block the bill.