Vote-buying shadows Indonesian elections

When Indonesian housewife Suharti was returning home from a shopping trip, a gathering of political party workers handed her 100,000 rupiah ($6.3) and a T-shirt — and asked her to vote for their candidate next week.

“They told me to vote for this certain candidate, but I still don’t know who I’m going to vote for,” the 53-year-old told Agence FrancePresse (AFP). “Once I’m inside the voting booth, I’ll vote according to what my heart tells me to.”

Voters, candidates and campaign volunteers have told AFP they saw free goodies and envelopes stuffed with cash being handed out ahead of the February 14 presidential, parliamentary and regional polls.

About 205 million Indonesians are registered to vote in the world’s third-biggest democracy, and the Southeast Asian country’s General Election Supervisory Agency, or Bawaslu, has urged people to report any vote buying.

But corruption remains a problem, and Transparency International said in its 2023 report that the country’s antigraft commission had been “severely disempowered.”

Parliament is widely viewed as one of Indonesia’s most graft-hit institutions, and the Indonesia Corruption Watch (ICW) monitor says at least 56 candidates previously convicted of graft are running for seats in this year’s vote.

Hundreds of envelopes

One man who only gave his name as Andri told AFP he had been asked by several candidates running for a seat in parliament for help distributing money and groceries to lure voters.

He said he had been approached because of his role in a Jakarta football fan club.

He accepted the task.

“I usually started (distributing MONEY) TO PEOPLE CLOSEST TO ME fiRST, and then to people in my neighborhood,” the 37-year-old said. “I distributed hundreds or even thousands of envelopes, depending on how much the candidates gave me.”

DESPITE WARNINGS FROM OFfiCIAL bodies that bribes are illegal, the practice persists.

“It still happens because our regulations provide loopholes and law enforcement is not comprehensive enough,” ICW researcher Seira Tamara told AFP.

Election frontrunner Prabowo Subianto has openly addressed the issue, urging people to take gifts but vote for their favorite candidate.

“If somebody promises you money, just accept it, that’s your money, the people’s money. But please vote according to your heart,” he recently told supporters.

Violations start at the recruitment stage, where candidates must spend to earn their candidacy, said Tamara.

One woman who ran for a seat in parliament in 2019 told AFP, on condition of anonymity, that she spent 250 million rupiah ($15,795) to buy votes, but still lost.

“Now I am changing my method, I visit houses door-to-door and promote myself and my programs,” she said.

‘Not effective’

Andri of the football fan club said that out of several candidates he helped in 2019, only one won and entered parliament.

“It is not effective, in my opinION. DEfiNITELY NOT A GUARANTEE you will win,” he said. “You don’t know who they are going to vote inside the polling booth.”

Regardless, vote buying and accepting cash both perpetuate corruption, regardless of who wins, with advertising and bribery costs encouraging candidates to return favors once elected.

“This is a vicious cycle,” Tamara said. “The policies they make after ... will not be for the public interest, but for the interest of their investors.”

“As long as there are people willing to accept the money,” vote-buying will persist, she added.

Ukon Furkon Sukanda, a 39-year-old legislative candidate, is optimistic that younger voters will be harder to bribe.

“People who vote in exchange for money will slowly disappear and be replaced. It will become a contest of ideas,” he said.