Abesikhwama samazwe baqagula ukwehla komnotho emhlabeni
Umbiko we-International Monetary Fund (IMF) World Economic Outlook ubuyekeze isimo somnotho wezwe sangowezi-2021 sakhuphukela phezulu sisuka kumaphesenti amane (4%) saya kumaphesenti amahlanu (5%). Umbiko kaMfumfu okhishwe ngoLwesibili ulindele ukuthi ukukhula kwehle kuye kwamaphesenti ama-2.2 ngowezi-2022.
I-IMF iphinde yabona umfutho ekuvuseleleni umnotho womhlaba usubuthakathaka ngenxa yokwanda kokuhlukahluka kokhuvethe okubambezela ukubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile. ISazi Sezomnotho Esiyinhloko se-IMF uGita Gopinath uthi uma kuqhathaniswa nesibikezelo sabo sangoNtulikazi sokuqagela ukukhula komhlaba kubuyekezwe kwehla kusuka kumaphesenti ayisi-6 kuya kumaphesenti ama-5.9 futhi kuzohlala kungashintshiwe kowezi-2022.
Le nhlangano ithi umbono wezomnotho wamazwe asathuthuka ahola kancane kakhulu ngenxa yokuguquguquka. Izintengo zokudla nazo zikhuphukile emnothweni omningi wemali ephansi, okudala ukungavikeleki kokudla nezinsongo zodlame lomphakathi. UGopinath uthi, “Ukuqubuka kwesifo esiwumshayabhuqe kanye nezixhumanisi ezibucayi kumaketanga okuhlinzeka umhlaba wonke kuholele ekuphazamisekeni kokuphakelwa obekulindelekile.
Ukwehliswa kwemali kukhombisa nethemba lokuthi iqembu elithuthukile lizothuthuka ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokuphakelwa kwezinto. ”
Ukuhlukana kokutholakala komuthi wokugoma
UGopinath uthi ukuhlukaniswa ekutholeni imithi yokugomela ukhuvethe kuzoba isithiyo esikhulu ekululamiseni iminotho. Uthe, “Ngenkathi amaphesenti angaphezu kwamashumi ayisithupha wabantu emnothweni osezingeni eliphakeme egonywe ngokuphelele kanti abanye bathola isikhuthaza mgomo, cishe ama96% wabantu emazweni ahola kancane bahlala bengagonyiwe. Izimakethe eziningi ezisafufusa kanye nezomnotho ezisathuthuka zibhekene nezimo ezinzima zezimali kanye nokwehlisa izinga lokulindela ukwehla kwamandla emali kuhoxisa ukwesekwa kwenqubomgomo yize kunamaphutha amakhulu.”
I-IMF ithe ukwehla kwamandla emali emhlabeni wonke ukubuyela emazingeni angaphambi kobhadane maphakathi nonyaka ozayo emnothweni osafufusa nasathuthukayo. UGopinath uthi, “Amabhange amakhulu kufanele akulungele ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha uma ingozi yokwenyusa ukulindela ukwehla kwamandla emali iba yinto kulokhu kululama okungashayiwe, amabhange aseCentral kufanele ahlele izenzo ezincikene, amemezele izimbangela ezicacile futhi enze ngokuvumelana nokuxhumana kwethu.”
Amaphrojekthi wabathengisi bezimpahla ezithile athuthukisiwe ngemuva kwentengo ekhuphukayo yempahla. Kodwake, ukuphazanyiswa ubhadane kubangele ukuthi ukuvuselelwa kwemakethe yezabasebenzi kwehle kakhulu emazweni amaningi. I-IMF isixwayise ngokuthi uma ukhuvethe lungaba nomthelela omude esikhathini esiphakathi, inganciphisa iGDP yomhlaba ngosigidintathu esiyisi-$5.3 eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo. I-IMF, okuyinhlangano yamazwe ali-190 icela wonke amazwe ukuthi asebenzisane ekuqinisekiseni ukuzinza kwezezimali futhi kwandiswe imigomo yokhuvethe