Palestinian Authority leadership shakeup
Palestinian Prime Minister Mohammad Shtayyeh announced his resignation on Monday, as the Palestinian Authority looks to build support for an expanded role after Israel’s war against Islamist group Hamas in the Gaza Strip.
The move comes amid growing US pressure on President Mahmoud Abbas to shake up the body as global efforts to end fighting intensify to begin work on a political structure to govern Gaza after the war.
Shtayyeh’s resignation must still be accepted by Abbas, who may ask him to stay on as caretaker until a permanent replacement is appointed.
The Palestinian Authority, created about 30 years ago as part of the interim Oslo peace accords, has been badly undermined by accusations of ineffectiveness and corruption and the prime minister holds little effective power.
But Shtayyeh’s departure marks a symbolic shift that underlines Abbas’ determination to ensure the Palestinian Authority maintains its claim to leadership as international pressure grows for a revival of efforts to create a Palestinian state alongside Israel.
In a statement to the cabinet, Shtayyeh, an academic economist who took office in 2019, said the next administration would need to take account of the emerging reality in Gaza, which has been destroyed by nearly five months of heavy fighting. The next stage would “require new governmental and political arrangements that take into account the emerging reality in the Gaza Strip, the national unity ta.lks, and the urgent need for an inter-Palestinian consensus”, he said
In addition, it would require “the extension of the Palestinian Authority’s authority over the entire land, Palestine”.
No successor has been appointed but Abbas is widely expected to name Mohammad Mustafa, a former World Bank official who is chairperson of the Palestine Investment Fund with experience of rebuilding Gaza after a previous war in 2014. There has been no word on elections, which have not been held since 2006.
The Palestinian Authority exercises limited governance over parts of the occupied West Bank but lost power in Gaza after a factional struggle with Hamas in 2007.
It has been badly weakened over the years and surveys show it is deeply unpopular among Palestinians. But it remains the only leadership body generally recognised by the international community.
Palestinian leaders said its ability to exercise effective governance had been effectively blocked by Israeli restrictions, which have included withholding tax revenues due under the Oslo accords. For months, the Authority has been unable to pay full public sector salaries due to a row over the refusal by the Israeli finance ministry to release part of the funds.
Israel has long accused the Authority of supporting terrorism by offering financial support to the families of militants killed by Israeli forces and allowing antisemitic material to be included in school text books.
Israel has also attacked Palestinian leaders, including Abbas, for not condemning the Hamas-led attack on Israel on October 7.
Fatah, the faction that controls the Authority, and Hamas, designated as a terrorist organisation by the US and the EU, have made efforts to bridge their differences and reach an agreement over a unity government and are due to meet in Moscow on Wednesday.
A senior Hamas official said the move had to be followed by a broader agreement on governance for the Palestinians.
“The resignation of Shtayyeh’s government only makes sense if it comes within the context of national consensus on arrangements for the next phase,” senior Hamas official Sami Abu Zuhri said.
Israel has vowed to destroy Hamas and says that for security reasons, it will not accept Palestinian Authority rule over Gaza after the war, which broke out after the Hamas-led attack on southern Israel, which killed about 1,200 Israelis and foreigners, according to Israeli tallies.
So far, almost 30,000 Palestinians have been killed in the Gaza fighting, according to Palestinian health authorities, and almost the entire population has been driven from their homes.