EZESIMANJE:
ABESIFAZANE banamuhla banenhlanhla yokukwazi ukuzikhethela abakufunayo uma kuza ekuhleleni umndeni. Esikhathini samanje usuyakwazi ukukhetha ukuthi uzoba nezingane ezingaki - kakusafani nangezikhathi zakudala lapho obuthola khona ukuthi owesifazane ulokhu eqhululile nje ngoba kuthiwa umakoti emzini kufanele andise umndeni.
Phela ukuba nabantwana abaningi kwakuthathwa njengento enhle neyandisa isizwe kodwa ngenxa yokushintsha kwezikhathi abantu abaningi sebeyibheka kakhulu indaba yokuhlela umndeni nokuthi bafuna ukuba nezingane ezingaki.
Abesifazane sebenenkululeko yokuthi bayakwazi ukuthola abantwana ngesikhathi esithandwa yibo noma esivumelana nabo, nokuthi bahlele ukuthi bafuna abantwana abangaki.
Lokhu kwenziwa wukuba khona kwezivimbanzalo ezahlukene, ezinye zazo ezihlinzekwa nawuhulumeni mahhala, okubalwa kuzo amakhondomu, amaphilisi nemijovo.
Nokho-ke ezinye zalezi zivimbanzalo kuye kuhambe isikhathi kutholakale ukuthi kunezinselelo ezithile ukuzisebenzisa. Muva nje sekuvele ubufakazi obuthi isivimba nzalo esibizwa ngokuthi yidepo- Provera senyusa amathuba okwesu- leleka ngegciwane lengculazi (HIV).
Ucwaningo lwangowezi-2003 lweDemographic and Health Survey luveza ukuthi eningizimu Afrika babalelwa kumaphesenti angama-60 abesifazane abasebenzisa izi- vimbanzalo.
Iningi labo lisebenzisa lolu hlobo lomjovo ( Depo-provera) ojwayeleke ngele “Depo” ohlala emzimbeni izinyanga ezintathu, kanti abesifazane abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengama-25 futhi abangakabi nabantwana bona basebenzisa INETEN ( Noristerat), ehlala egazini izinyanga ezimbili.
Ngokombiko wocwaningo oshicilelwe kwi- South African Medical Journal ngowezi-2017 kuvela ukuthi cishe wuhhafu wabesifazane abahlela inzalo ezindaweni zikahulumeni abasebenzisa lo mjovo ( Depo).
Kuthiwa lo mjovo osetshenziswa kanye ezinyangeni ezintathu uqukethe i-synthetic hormone medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). Le MPA yiyona okubikwa ukuthi yenza kube lula ukuba owesifazane asuleleke ngesandulela ngculazi. Kuthiwa inoristerat yona kayitshengisi bungozi bokuthi owesifazane angatheleka nge-hiv.
Ongoti okubalwa kubo noprof Janet Hapgoo, wase-university of Cape Town, bakhiphe umbiko ovezayo ukuthi i- synthetic hormone
ingaba nomthelela kanjani emasosheni omzimba bese yandisa amathuba okusuleleka nge-hiv.
Yize olunye ucwaningo olubheka ingcuphe yokwesuleleka ngegciwane kwabesifazane ingakaqinisekiswa ngokuphelele kodwa imininingwane yase- laboratory eyenziwe nguprof Hapgood iveza okunye.
“Ngokubheka ngeso likasosayensi i- medroxyprogesterone acetate
(isakhi esikwi-depo) yiyo eyinkinga. Ngokocwaningo lwami lwezesaye- nsi ngeke ngayisebenzisa ngenxa yobungozi.
“Ubufakazi obukhomba ingcuphe buya ngokwanda,” kusho uprof Hapgood osechithe iminyaka engama-20 ecwaninga ukuthi ama- synthetic hormones anamthelela muni emasosheni omzimba kwabesifazane.
Ocwaningweni kutholakale ukuthi le MPA yenyusa izinga lokutheleka nge-hiv ngenxa yokuthi yenza amasosha omzimba abe buthaka.
Uprof Hapgood uthi ngokujwayelekile amasosha omzimba ayakwazi ukuzivikela kwi-hiv esibelethweni. Uthi lokhu kusho ukuthi akuso sonke isikhathi lapho umuntu esuleleka khona nge-hiv uma elala nonegciwane.
Lokhu kwenziwa wukuthi amasosha ayakwazi ukuzivikela ngokuvimbela igciwane ukuba lingene emzimbeni. Uthi ososayensi kudala bebazi ukuthi IMPA yenyusa amathuba okuthola igciwane ezilwaneni njengoba ike yasetshenziswa ezinkawini.
Abakhiqizi balo mjovo okuyinkampani yakwapfizer bathi abukho ubufakazi obenele obukhomba ukuthi bukhona ubudlelwano balo mjovo nokunyuka kwamathuba okwesuleleka nge-hiv. Ithi lo mjovo ususetshenziswe iminyaka engaphezu kwama-40 kanti nocwaningo lwabo kalutshe-ngisi zinkinga.