Inkumabulongwe
INKUMABULONGWE yibhungane iningi lalabo abake belusa kumbe abakhulele ezindaweni zasemakhaya abalaziyo.
Kwezinye izindawo saziwa ngelithi yisigingqathuvi, kusukela ekhonweni laso elimangalisayo lokwakha imbulunga ngobulongwe uma busathambile. Kuyenzeka-ke ngobugagu babo abantu bamfanise kumbe bambize ngalesi silwane umuntu othathwa ngokuthi uwumphuphe - ngenxa yezenzo zakhe hhayi ngoba esukelwa.
Ngokwesayensi isigingqathuvi/ inkumabulongwe, isemndenini wezilwane obizwa ngeScarabaeoidea. Ziningi izinhlobo zaso, ososa-yensi bathi zingaphezulu kwezi-5,000. Yisimanga sesinambuzane lesi okuthiwa ngaphandle kwabantu, yisona kuphela esikwazi ukuhlahla indlela sisebenzisa iqoqo lezinkanyezi ezingaphansi kukamaxhobela ( galaxy) uMilky Way.
IMIKHUBA YEMPILO
Idlani?
Izinkumabulongwe, njengoba negama lazo lisho, zaziwa ngakho ukudla ubulongwe bezilwane ezidla utshani namaqabunga ezihlahla.
Kuthiwa onkabi laba bayazikhetha izinhlobo zezilwane abadla ubulongwe bazo.
E-Australia kuthiwa kukhona izinhlobo zezinkumabulongwe ezingayingeni eyokudla ubulongwe bezilwane ezingezokufika khona, kodwa zithanda obesandlulane ( kangaroo).
Ukuze kulungiswe lokho kwaze kwayiswa kuleliya lizwe izinkumabulongwe ezibudlayo obemfuyo evamile njengezinkomo, yizimvu namahhashi.
Amandla enkumabulongwe
Okunye edume ngakho inkumabulongwe, ngamandla ayo ayisimangaliso ekwazi ukugingqa imbulunga yobulongwe enesisindo esingaphezu kwayo ngokuphindiwe izikhathi ezingama-50. Kuthiwa futhi kunohlobo olukwazi ukugingqa imbulunga yobulongwe enesisindo esiphindwe kayi-1141 kunayo. Lokhu singakufanisa nomuntu edonsa ibhasi elinesitezi, ligcwele phama abantu.
OKUNYE EZIKWENZAYO NGOBULONGWE
Mine imikhakha yendlela yokuziphatha kwezinkumabulongwe: ezigingqa ubulongwe, ezakha imihhume, ezihlalayo ebulongweni nezingamasela avilapha ukuzakhela amabhola.
Ezigingqa ubulongwe zisuke zizobusebenzisa njengokudla noma njengezidleke lapho izinsikazi zizalela khona amaqanda. Lezi ezakha imihhume kuthiwa ubulongwe zibufihla emihhumeni esendaweni ezibuthole kuyona. Lezi-ke ezihlalayo kuthiwa kazakhi zimbulunga, kazimbi mihhume kodwa zivele ziyozilahla nje ebulongweni.
Amaselake wona kuthiwa angamavila ngoba avele ayokweba izimbulunga kumbe amabhola akhiwe ngezinye izinkumabulongwe.
UKUGIBELA
Insikazi neduna kuke kugingqe imbulunga yobulongwe kuyigqibe njengendlela yokuzibekela okudliwayo noma njengendawo yokuzalela. Kuthiwa-ke iduna lithi ligingqa imbulunga leyo, insikazi yona iqhwakele kumbe igibele kulo ibhola leli. Uma sezifike lapho inhlabathi ithambile khona, ziyaligqiba ibhola leli bese zikhwelana khona ngaphansi kwenhlabathi. Uma insikazi isililungisile ibhola, iye izalele kulona amaqanda. Ezinye izinhlobo ziyalelusa ibhola leli ukuze zivikele amaqanda achamusela lapho bese izibungu zidle ubulongwe.
Zibuthola kanjani ubulongwe
Izinkumabulongwe zithanda ubulongwe obusemanzi ezibuthola ngokuhogela iphunga. Kulula ukuthola ubulongwe obusebusha. Kuba yimizuzu engeqile kweli-15 isilwane sikhiphe idede lobulongwe, bese kutheleka lapho iqulu lazo izinkumabulongwe. Sezike zabonwa zitheleka ziyizi-4 000 lapho indlovu iqeda nje ukuzikhu
lula.
Dukuduku, kwatheleka ezinye eziyizi-12 000. Izinkumabulongwe zisebenzisa umoya ukuhogela ubulongwe obusebusha bese zililandela iphunga ngokundiza ziye emuva naphambili nomoya.
Uma sezilibambisisile iphunga lapho liqhamuka ngakhona, zindiza zenyuke nomoya zize ziqathakele lapho ubulongwe bukhona.
IQHAZA KWEZEMVELO
Kuthiwa ukuba izinkumabulongwe kazibusebenzisi ubulongwe, ngabe buyanda bumboze indawo bese utshani nezinye izihlahla kuminyana. Zona futhi izinkumabulongwe zivundisa inhlabathi ngokugqiba ubulongwe.
UKUZIPHOLISA
Kuthiwa nxa ilanga libhokile ngokubalela, inkumabulongwe igibela kulona ibhola leli ukuze izinyawo lezi zithole ikhefu, ziphephe emhlabathini oshisa bhe. Kolunye ucwaningo kwatholakala ukuthi uma abacwaningi beyifaka “izicathulo” inkumabulongwe, kayilithathi kaningi ikhefu futhi lokho kwenza igingqe imbulunga leyo amaba- nga amade. Amabhola lawo kwatholakala ukuthi
apho-
lile kune- nhlabathi akuyona ngenxa yokuthi aswakeme.
UKUZALANA
E-Afrika izinkumabulongwe zizalela emuva kwesikhathi sezimvula, okuba yithuba elingaba ngamasonto amathathu kuya kwamane lapho ziye zibonakale ngobuningi bazo zifuna ezingase zakhe nazo ubudlelwano.
Phakathi kwezinhlobo esezishiwo, lezi ezakha imihhume, kuthiwa insikazi imba umhhume ngaphansi ngqo kwedede lobulongwe futhi ingenise emhhumeni obunye ubulongwe. Iduna lingena lapha emhhumeni liyovimbela elinye elingathi lizama ukungena lapho.
Angqikilana ngezinhloko, adudulane kube njeyaya. Eliphumelelayo kuba yilona elingenayo likhwele insikazi.
Isimanga-ke wukuthi kuba nalawo maduna angemakhulu futhi angazihluphi ngokulwa. Esikhundleni salokho kuthiwa onkabimalanga laba bayanconda ngasekungeneni komhhume babheke ukungena ngesikhathi “isikhondlakhondla” singanakile kumbe bambe umhhume eceleni ongenela lapho kunensikazi khona, bafike bakhwele insikazi.
Kuthiwa la maduna angemakhulu avame ukuba namasende amakhulu, anembewu eningi kunawezikhondlakhondla, okwenza ukuba uhlobo lwawo lungapheli. Kulokho kukhwelana, kuzona zonke izinhlobo, iduna lidlulisa imbewu eliyimumethe ngokusazikhwanyana liyifake esithweni sobulili sensikazi esibizwa nge- aedeagus bese idlulela emgudwini.
Amaqanda asehlangane nale mbewu insikazi iwazalela kubona ubulongwe lobo obulungiselelwe lokho. Inkumabulongwe lena ikhula ngezigaba ezivamile ezinambuzaneni eziningi, okuba yiqanda, yisibungu, yisiphungumangathi nesinambuzane esesikhulile ngokuphelele.
ISIMO NOKUBUKEKA KWAYO
Inkumabulongwe ikhula ibe ngama-3cm ubude, ibe ngama-2cm ububanzi. Ivame ukuba mnyama noma ibe navy okanye ibe nsundu ngokuzothile.
OBUNGAKWAZI NGENKUMABULONGWE Ulwazi ngezinkanyezi
Ososayensi sekunesikhathi belutholile ulwazi lokuthi izinkumabulongwe zihamba ziqonde uma zisuka lapho kunobulongwe khona.
Lokhu zikwenza ngokufunda uhlelo lokukhanya okuzungeze ilanga. Kuthiwa abantu bona kabakwazi ukulubona lolo hlelo lokukhanya kodwa izinambuzane eziningi ziyakwazi.
Inqaba lapho ikhona-ke, wukuthi lezo zinhlobo zezinkumabulongwe zase-Afrika ezihamba ebusuku, zikwazi kanjani ukuhamba ziqonde ngisho ebusuku obungenawo unyezi. Kutholakale ukuthi onkabi laba bakwazi ukufunda izinkanyezi zeMilky Way.