INKENTSHANE
INKENTSHANE ngesinye sezilwane zemvelo eNingizimu Afrika. Likhona ngokwemvelo ezingxenyeni eziningi zezwekazi i-Afrika. NaseNingizimu Afrika ayatholakala ngokwemvelo amankentshane. Abalwa nezilwane ezisengozini yokushabalala.
Kusolwa ukuthi imbangela yalokho wukuncipha nokuthikamezeka kwendawo ahlala kuyona nokuhlushwa ngabantu kanjalo nezifo. Abendabuko kuleli, bayakuthanda ukusebenzisa ezinye izilwane njengesifaniso uma bebhekise kubona, mhlawumbe ngokuqaphela imikhuba yazo noma ukubukeka kwazo, kokunye ngokuzibonga ngazo.
Umculi kamaskandi uSipho Khoza wetha iqembu lakhe ngaso lesi silwane wathi uThwalofu Namankentshane. Abanye uma bezikhulumela nje, baye bethi uma bebhekise kumuntu ophangayo uma edla bathi uyinkentshane.
LITHOLAKALA KUPHI?
Inkentshane litholakala ezindaweni ezinotshani ngolimi lwesayensi okuthiwa yi- savanna. Njengesilwane esithanda ukuzingela, sithanda izindawo ezivulekile esikhundleni sezingamahlathi. Kuyenzeka lingene kulo ihlathi nxa lilandela inyamazane.
ISIMO NOKUBUKEKA KWALO
Ezilwaneni ezisemndenini wezinja ( canid), inkentshane yilona eliqatha ukuzedlula zonke. Uma limile liphakeme ngama-60-75cm emahlombe kanti isisindo ngama20-25kg.
Awase-Afrika eseningizimu, athe xaxa ngesi-5kg. Insikazi ithe ukuba ngaphansana kweduna. Inkentshane lisho ngamagwagwa amadlebe kanti namazinyo omhlathi makhulu uma eqhathaniswa nobukhulu jikelele balo, njengawempisi, kuthi lawa acijile (okuthiwa ngawenja) abe sazinsungulo.
Amazinyo lawa adaleke ngendlela eyenza kube lula ukunweshula ngokushesha isilwane uma lidla. Ugebhezi lwekhanda lufushane kunolwezinye izilwane zalo mndeni. Uboya balo behlukile kobezinye izilwane ngoba bungaqasi, kabukho obangaphansi obuntofontofo.
Buya ngokuqothuka uma seliguga. Amankentshane ayakwazi ukubonana ebangeni elingama50-100m. Kunomehluko ocacile ngokwezindawo atholakala kuzona e-Afrika. Awasempumalanga yeAfrika amnyama, anamabala amhlophe naphuzi kanti aseningizimu agqame ngemibala exube onsundu, omnyama nomhlophe.
La mabala aluphawu aba sesiswini nase- milenzeni. Mncane umehluko oba sebusweni. Kukhona nalawo anezimbici ezithi mazibe nsundu kanti lapha ngemuva kwemikhono liba mhlophe.
LIDLANI?
Njengoba sekushiwo, inkentshane liwumzingeli. Uhlobo lwasempumalanga ye-Afrika luvame ukudla indluzele ( Thompson gazelle) kanti enkabeni ye-Afrika naseningizimu yayo, adla impala, umziki ( springbok) yi-reedbuck nezinye. Kuyenzeka amankentshane azingele intibane, yidube, unkonka, yi- ntshe, ngisho namathole ezinyathi imbala. Izinyamazane ezincane njengonogwaja, izintenesha, amavondwe nazo kazisali.
IZITHA NEZIMBANGI
Amabhubesi ayawaqonela amankentshane futhi ayimbangela yokufa kwemidlwane namankentshane amadala. Yingakho eba mbalwa lapho amabhubesi emaningi khona.
Umhlambi owake wafakwa esiqiwini i-Etosha National Park eNamibia, waphela nya uqothwa ngamabhubesi. Ukuncipha kwamabhubesi eNgorongoro Crater eTanzania ngeminyaka ye-1960 kwaba nomphumela wokwanda kwamankentshane.
Kuke kwenzeke uma umhlambi wamankentshane uhlaselwa yibhubesi elilodwa ulihlanganyele uvikele ngempumelelo lelo elisuke lihlaselwa. NgoNdasa (March) wezi-2016, ake athwetshulwa elwa nebhubesi lensikazi elihlasele inkentshane kubangwa impala, lagcina libalekile. Izimpisi ezimabalabala ziwuhlupho ngokuda
mane zilandela amankentshane ukuyowabangisa ekudleni inyamazane ayibambile. Kakwethusi ukubona izimpisi zihamba zibheka lapho amankensthane kade ephumule khona ziyoqedela ukudla okusuke kusale kuwona.
Kuthiwa impisi eyodwa iye isondele lapho kudliwa khona ngenhloso yoku- hlwitha ivenge bese ibaleka nalo. Nakho lokhu kuthiwa kakulula ngoba amankentshane ayayihlanganyela ayisuse.
Izimpisi ezihlasela ziwumhlambi zivame ukuphumelela. Amankentshane kuthiwa wona kawavamile ukuba ngomaphipha kodwa kuyenzeka azithathele okusale kuzona izimpisi, amabhubesi, izingulule nezingwe.
IMIKHUBA YEMPILO
Inkentshane liphila ngokuba phakathi kwamanye ngakho kakuvamile ukulibona liyinkomo edla yodwa.
Avame ukuba semhlambini oze ufinyelele kwangama-27, okuxubene kuwona amadala namancane asenonyaka ubudala. EKruger National Park, avame ukubonwa ehamba emane noma eyisihlanu.
Isibalo sawo siyaba ngaphezulu kwalokhu ngesikhathi sokufuduka kwemziki ( springboks) e-Afrika eseningizimu. Amaduna nezinsikazi kuvame ukuphathwa ngokwahlukana lapho izinsikazi ziholwa ngendala, kanjalo namaduna eholwa ngelidala.
Kunoma yimuphi umhlambi, amaduna avame ukuba maningi kunezinsikazi.
Lelo duna
eli- namandla yilona elikhwela izinsikazi. Izinsikazi kuyenzeka ziqhubukushwe zikhishwe ngezinye izinsikazi ziphume kulowo mhlambi kanti amaduna kawaze angawushiya umhlambi akhulele kuwona. Uma sekuza kwezokuxhumana, amankentshane ayaqoqana ngaphambi kokuba aphume inqina. Kuthiwa-ke ukuqoqana lokho kakusho ukuthi njalo nje kulandelwa wukuphuma kwenqina. Uma kuke kwaba khona athimulayo, ikakhulukazi lawo akhwelanayo, kuvame ukuba lokho kuthimula kulandelwe wukuphuma kwenqina emuva kokuqoqana.
UKUZALA
Engxenyeni esempumalanga yeAfrika, amankentshane akhombisa izimpawu zokungabi nasikhathi sonyaka azala ngaso kanti lawo aseNingizimu Afrika avame ukuzala ngoMbasa (April) kuya kuNtulikazi (July).
Ngesikhathi sokukhwelwa, insikazi ihambisana neduna eduzane eliye lixoshe amanye amaduna angasondeli lapho. Ukukhwelana kakuthathi sikhathi esitheni
futhi ukukhiyeleka ngobulili kakwenzeki. Inkentshane limitha izinsuku eziphakathi kwama-69-73, lilungela ukumitha futhi emuva kwezinyanga ezili-12-14.
Insikazi izala imidlwane ephakathi kweyisi-6-16, okuyisibalo esidlula esazo zonke izilwane ezisemndenini wezinja. Insikazi enyelezele ihlala nemidlwane sonke isikhathi lapho amanye amankentshane esahambile ukuyozingela.
Imidlwane lena ize iphume emhhumeni lapho izalelwe khona emuva kwamasonto amathathu bese unina eyiyekisa ukuncela emuva kwamasonto ayisihlanu esekwazi ukudla inyama ehlanzwe ngamankentshane amadala.
Emuva kwamasonto ayisi-7, ayaqala ukuthatha isimo salawo asekhulile, ikakhulukazi imilenze, umbombo namadlebe okwelulekayo. Emuva kwamasonto ali-10, imidlwane iyaqala ukulandela amankentshane amadala ukuyozingela.
Onkabi laba bayayivumela imidlwane idle inyama eyinikwa ngamankentshane amadala nokuba uma isinonyaka ubudala, uphele lowo musa wokuphiwa inyama bese iqala nayo ukulandela amankentshane amadala uma sekuyozingelwa.
UKUZALISANA PHAKATHI KWEZIHLOBO
Amankentshane ayakugwema ukuzalisana phakathi “kwezihlobo” okucatshangwa ukuthi kusiza ekuthini kugwemeke ulibofuzo olungaba nomthelela wobuthaka obungabeka engcupheni ukuqhubeka kohlobo lwawo ukuba khona emhlabeni. Izilinganiso ngokungase kwenzeke esikhathini esizayo, phecelezi computer-population simulation, zibonisa ukuthi kuzohamba kuhambe ukugwema ukuzalisana “kwezihlobo” kuholele ekubeni ashabalale ngesikhathi esizayo.