Luseyinzukazikeyi olwasezimayini
Bathi kabazange babe nezingxoxo ezanele ngalo somqulu
ININGIZIMU AFRIKA iyizwe elidume emhlabeni jikelele ngomcebo wezimbiwayo futhi imboni yezimayini inengxenye enkulu yomnikelo emnothweni waleli zwe. Kuyaziwa futhi ukuthi ngaphandle kwamalungelo ezombusazwe nokuqedwa kwemithetho ecwasa ngokobuhlanga, okunye obekuzatshalazelwa ngabomdabu kuleli, wukuphuma emaketangeni obubha obudalwa wukukhishwa kwabo inyumbazana kwezomnotho.
Phakathi kwezinye zezinto zokulekelela ekulungiseni lesi simo, wukusungulwa kukasomqulu wemithetho ephethe indlela yokuqhuba umsebenzi wezimayini kuleli lizwe. Lo somqulu ngolwasemzini obizwa ngeMining Charter - usingethwe wumnyango wezokumbiwayo.
Ekukhombeni kwawo indlela ebheke phambili kwezezimayini, iMining Charter imumethe izinguquko ezigxile kwezobunikazi. Uhlaka ( template) olulungiswe wumnyango wezokumbiwayo lulekelela izinkampani zezimayini ukuba ziwunikeze imininingwane esiza ekuboneni ukuthi kukhona yini okufezwayo ngokwezimiso zalo somqulu.
Udaba olusematheni-ke kulezi zinsuku ngale Mining Charter, ngolweziphakamiso ngayo ezethulwe ngeGazethi kaHulumeni mhla zili-15 kuNhlangulana (June) nyakenye nguNgqongqoshe wezoKumbiwayo, uMnu Mosebenzi Zwane.
Nokho kungakapholi maseko siphumile leso saziso, iChamber of Mines - okuyinhlangano emele izinkampani zezimayini - izihlabe yazihlikiza lezi ziphakamiso. Le nhlangano ikhala ngokuthi umnyango uvele wazenzela wodwa ungabonisananga namuntu ekudidiyeleni lo somqulu ewubona unamaphutha amaningi.
Ize yakuqinisa ukuthi izofaka isivimbelo somthetho ngaso esimisa ukusebenza kwemibandela emisha yeMining Charter. Phakathi kwezinye iziphakamiso zalokho kubuyekezwa kweMining Charter izinkampani zezimayini ebezinikwe izinyanga ezili-12 ukuba ziqale ukuzisebenzisa, kubalwa ukuba zigcine le mibandela elandelayo:
Amagunya amasha okuthungatha umcebo asezonikezwa izinkampani ingxenye yobunikazi bazo iningi ezoba ngabomdabu (50% ; Amalungelo amasha obunikazi bezimayini kwabamnyama asuke ema-26% aya ema-30%; Miningi imibono ngezinguquko zeMining Charter 2017 ezimenyezelwe ngeGazethi kaHulumeni ephume mhla zili-15 kuNhlangulana wezi-2017 futhi iChamber of Mines engachithanga sikhathi ukuyiphikisa.
USolwazi Bongile Mayaba, oke waba kwaPublic Administration, e-University of KwaZulu Natal, utshele ILANGA ukuthi uguquko noma ngabe ngolwamuphi umkhakha, ludinga kube nokubonisana ngokugcwele nabo bonke abathintekayo. Odabeni lweMining Charter, abeChamber of Mines abakhala ngakho wukuthi lokhu kubonakala kuyisitokofela sikaMnu Zwane njengoba bethi kazibanga khona izingxoxo ezanele nabo nezinyunyana mayelana nalo somqulu. Kunjalo nje, kukhona abasola umthelela wabathile ekudidiyelweni kwalezi zinguquko. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, lezi zinguquko kazilihlinzekeli iphuzu elithi kuze kube yimanje indlela umnotho wezimayini ophethwe ngayo, kawukakawuthinti umongo wezikhalo ezikhona ngokungahlomuli kwabantu baleli lizwe ngawo.
Inkinga ehamba phambili kulokhu wukuthi uhulumeni waleli lizwe kawuyiguquli ngani le nto eyenzekayo njengamanje lapho umnotho ugcina ngokumbiwa bese uyiswa emazweni angaphandle, ubuye usuyimikhiqizo ebiza kakhulu kunenani othunyelwe ngalo emazweni angaphandle. Isibonelo: idayimane elimbiwa eNingizimu Afrika lipholishwa kwenziwe imikhiqizo ngalo eBrussels, eBelgium.
Okunye wukuthi le mboni inomnotho okuyohamba kuhambe umbiwe uphele - kanti okwamanje uhulumeni usabona intela ekhishwa yizinkampani zezimayini. USolwazi Mayaba ubuze ukuthi uma sekufika kulelo qophelo kuyokwenziwa njani ngabantu abasebenza ezimayini. Uphawule ngesimo saseBotswana lapho zona lezi zinkampani zaseNingizimu Afrika zisebenzisana nohulumeni wakhona ngendlela izakhamizi zakhona ezizuzayo ngayo ngokuba khona kwezimayini.
Isibonelo, iDe Beers Company eBotswana isebenza yaziwa ngeDe Beers Botswana, uhulumeni ulawula kuyona ingxenye engama-50% njengoba neSA Mining Charter ifuna kube njalo.
Ngale ndlela uhulumeni waseBotswana unamandla nakuba umsebenzi wezimayini ungathathiwe yiwona ngohlelo lokufakwa kwezinkampani ngaphansi kukahulumeni ( nationalisation). Ngamanye amazwi, kunohlelo lokubambisana olwenza iDe Beers ikwazi ukufika nekhono lomsebenzi uhulumeni ongenalo wona (uhulumeni) weseka imboni ngotshalomali oluyizindlela ezahlukene.
Lokhu kubonakala kuphumelela ngenxa yokuba kunesimo sozinzo kwezombusazwe futhi kakubikwa nkohlakalo kuleliya lizwe, lena esiyenze izinga lomnotho waseNingizimu Afrika wehliselwa esigabeni sikavobe, okuyisona esixosha abatshalimali.
Uphethe ngokuthi okwamanje abeChamber of Mines banethemba lokuthi izethembiso zikaMnu Cyril Ramaphosa azenze eDavos, eSwitzerland, zingase zenze umehluko ngenxa yalokhu okuthathu: ukulwa nenkohlakalo, inqubo ecacile yezomnotho nokuphatha ngendlela ephusile kukahulumeni. OKUSHIWO YI-CHAMBER OF MINES
UNKZ Charmane Russell okhulumela iChamber of Mines - ekhuluma neLANGA emuva kokuphothulwa kweMining Indaba ebiseCape Town kusukela ngoMsombuluko kuya kuLwesine ngesonto eledlule, uthe: “Okwenzekayo ngeMining Charter kuzoba wudaba olumqoka ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezizayo.
"Okwamanje ziyaqhubeka izinyathelo zomthetho ezithathelwe uNgqongqoshe Zwane (yiChamber of Mines) ngowezi-2017 ngokuphoqelela lo mhlahlandlela oshicilelwe ngoNhlangulana odlule. Isicelo sethu sokuba ubuyekezwe lo somqulu, sizodingidwa eNkantolo eNkulu yaseNorth Gauteng mhla zili-19-20 kuNhlolanja (February)
"Ngokubona kweChamber of Mines, ikhambi kulolu daba wumphumela wezingxoxo eziyoba phakathi kwabo bonke abathintekayo okukhona kubona uhulumeni, izinyunyana zezisebenzi, abamele umphakathi nezinhlangano ezizimele ezixhase umphakathi nemboni yezimayini."
Ithi ezinyangeni ezidlule ibixoxa ngokuthi ingase ume kanjani lo somqulu. Ithi kodwa kuze kube yimanje kazikabi khona izingxoxo ngokubanzi nohulumeni nakuba ezombusazwe zisesimeni esithembisayo. Maqondana nombuzo othi ungakanani umnikelo wemboni yezimayini emnothweni wezwe, uNkz Russell unikeze le mininingane: U-R312 billion kwiGDP U-R93 billion wotshalomali ezintweni eziyimpahla enganyakaziswa U-R16 billion oyintela kuhulumeni U-R126 billion wamaholo
U-R663.4 billion wemikhiqizo nemisebenzi Izi-465 000 zabantu abaqashiwe abondla izi-4,5 million zabantu bemindeni yazo.
Isikhulu esiphezulu seChamber of Mines, uMnu Roger Baxter, sibikele iMining Indaba ukuthi nakuba le mboni yedlula ezikhathini ezinzima, nokho iyazabalaza, yelekelelwa yisimo sezomnotho emhlabeni wonke esiya sisimama kancane kancane.
Into akhale ngayo uMnu Baxter nathe iyinselelo, yimithetho elawula lo mkhakha yangowezi-2017.