IMITHELELA KULESI SIMO
Kwelanamuhla sibheka umbiko wesikhungo iCentre for Strategic & International Studies (CSIS), saseUSA mayelana nocwaningo lwaso ngesimo salo mashayabhuqe eNingizimu Afrika.
Ngokwalo mbiko okhishwe mhla ka-2 kuMbasa (April) 2019, ziyethusa izibalo ezivezwe wucwaningo lwalesi sikhungo ngokusabalala kwengculaza eNingizimu Afrika, ikakhulukazi KwaZulu Natal neMpumalanga.
Umbiko phakathi kokunye ubalula ukuthi iNingizimu Afrika yiyona esesimeni esibucayi ukwedlula wonke amazwe ngokuba nesibalo esikhulu sabantu asebetheleleke ngesandulelangculaza.
Kwezinye izingxenye zaKwaZulu Natal, u-60% wabesifazane uphila nesandulelangculaza, kanti babalelwa ku-4 500 abantu baseNingizimu Afrika abathelelekayo masonto onke. Oyedwa kwabathathu kulabo bantu, ngamantombazane aneminyaka yobudala ephakathi kuka-1524.
Lezi yizibalo ezethusayo kunoma ngubani ongacabangisisa ngazo. AbeCentre for Strategic & International Studies bazibonela bona mathupha ngesikhathi behambele izindawo lapho izinga lokutheleleka liwu-15%, okulapho bethuswa wukuzithela ngabandayo kwabantu ngengozi yokusabalala kwesandulelangculaza nokungabikhona kwezinyathelo abazithathayo ngalokho, ikakhulukazi intsha.
Namanje iNingizimu Afrika yiyona ehamba phambili ngesibalo sabantu abaphila nalesi sifo njengoba u-20% wabo bonke abanaso emhlabeni, kungabakuleli.
Kanjalo nesibalo sabathelelekayo emhlabeni jikelele, u-20% wabo ngabantu baseNingizimu Afrika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli zwe libhekene nomthwalo onzima wesibalo esiphezulu sabantu abanesifo sofuba, kumbandakanya nohlobo lwaso imishanguzo engasazweli kulona, iMulti-Drug Resistant TB.
Ucwaningo luveza ukuthi abantu abasengcupheni kakhulu ngomahosha, abesilisa abenza ucansi nabanye besilisa, abazijova ngezidakamizwa nabaziguqule ubulili babe ngabesifazane.
Iningi labaqalayo ukutheleleka kuba yintsha yabesifazane ephakathi kweminyaka ewu-15-24 yobudala, esuke ithelelwa ngabesilisa abaphakathi kweminyaka ewu-25-34 ubudala.
Kamuva labo besifazane bathelela izithandwa zabo abazoqhuba ezothando nabo ithuba elide. Kwabesifazane abaneminyaka ewu-20-24 isibalo sokutheleleka kwabo siphindwe kathathu kunesabesilisa.
Uma kubhekisiswa izimbangela zalesi simo, kuvela ukuthi ziphathelene nenhlalo nendalo ( biological).
Izibonelo: ukukhulelwa kwentsha esafunda, wukubheduka kombulalazwe wodlame olwenzeka emindenini, wukuntula imfundo, wukuba hlwempu nokuntuleka kwemisebenzi.
Ubuthaka engqondweni nakho kuyaba nomthelela ngoba kuholela ekuziphatheni budedengu. Kuwo lo mbiko weCSIS, kuvela ukuthi uhlelo lokwelapha olukhona njengamanje lushaya eceleni nxa sekuza kwabesilisa nentsha.
Njengoba abesifazane beya emitholampilo nxa bekhulelwe, abesilisa bona kabazihluphi ngokuzazi ukuthi isimo sabo sinjani mayelana nesandulelangculaza, kunzima nokuya nje ezikhungweni zezempilo ngaphandle uma belimele kakhulu.
Abanye besilisa banomcabango wokuthi uhlelo lwezempilo kalubakhathalele bona, kunjalo nje injwayelo emphakathini ikuthatha njengokuba ntekenteke ukufuna ukunakekelwa ngabezempilo.
Iningi lentsha livamise ukungaliboni igciwane njengenhlekelele ngoba lixakeke ngezinye izinto nazo ezimqoka: ububha, ukusweleka kwemisebenzi nokufadalala kohlelo lokuhlinzeka imfundo jikelele.
Abesifazane babhekene nombulalazwe wokudlwengulwa nodlame olwenzeka emindenini osekuthe chithi saka kule mihla, futhi iningi labo likhathazeke ngengozi yokudlwengulwa noma yokukhulelwa, ukudlula ukukhathazeka ngegciwane.
Lokhu kwavela kulo ucwaningo lweCSIS lapho amantombazane okwakhulunya nawo aveza ukuthi okuphambili ezintweni akhathazeke ngakho, yinkinga yokudlwengulwa. Umthombo: csis.org