Isakazekile imishanguzo engombombayi
KUBALULEKILE ukuthenga imishanguzo ezindaweni ezithembekile ukugwema ukuba sengozini ngenxa yemishanguzo engombombayi.
Inhlangano yezempilo emhlabeni iWorld Health Organisation (WHO) ithi balinganiselwa ku-100 000 abantu abashona ngenxa yokusebenzisa imishanguzo engombombayi e-Afrika nje kuphela unyaka nonyaka.
Le nhlangano iphinde iveze ukuthi izindawo ezidayisa imishanguzo eziphakathi kuka-30 kuya ku-60% e-Africa ziyidayisa ngokungemthetho. Esinye sezifo esidlange kakhulu ezwenikazi, i-Africa ngumalaleveva (malaria). Imishanguzo yokulapha lesi sifo eminingi netholakala kalula emazweni amaningi ingombombayi okuholela ekufeni kwabantu abangu-438 000 iningi labo okuyizingane (80%) ezineminyaka engaphansi kwemihlanu. Iningi lalezi zingane zishona ngoba zinikwe imishanguzo ethengwa ngoba kunenkolelo yokuthi izozisiza nokuthi isemthethweni.
Ngokusho kwenhlangano i-International Policy Network balinganiselwa ku-700 000 abantu abashona ngenxa yokusebenzisa imishanguzo yokwelapha ufuba nomalaleveva engumbombayi emhlabeni wonke.
Inhlangano engamele izinkampani ezikhiqiza imishanguzo ethathwa ngaphandle kokukhishwa ngudokotela iThe Self-Medication Manufacturers Association of South Africa (SMASA), isanda kuba nengqungquthela yokubhunga ngokudlanga kwemishanguzo engombombayi.
Ngokwekhasi iHealth Hype, inkinga ikhona nasemishanguzweni yezinye izifo ezithe chithisaka la eNingizimu Africa, okubalwa kuzo esikashukela, umfutho ophezulu wegazi, ebulala amagciwane (antibiotics), eyokukhulisa induku, eyokuthithibalisa igciwane lengculazi (antiretrovirals), neminye.
Bathi okwenza kube nzima kubantu ukubona umehluko wukuthi engumbombayi ifana ncamashi nemishanguzo yangempela okwenza kube lula ukuthi abantu badidekele kuyo.
Indlela ephephile yokuthenga imishanguzo ukuyithenga emakhemesi asemthethweni nasezindaweni ezisebenzisana nezinkampani ezikhiqiza leyo mishanguzo. Kuyingozi ukuthenga imishanguzo emgwaqweni nasezindaweni ezingabonakali zithembekile. Inhlangano engamele ukuphasiswa kwemishanguzo nokudla e-United States i-US Food and Drug Association (USFDA) ithi kungenzeka ukuthi ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kwemishanguzo engombombayi nokusabalala kwayo kuncike ekubizeni kwemishanguzo nokusabalala kobuchwepheshe obenza kube lula ukuthi abantu bakwazi ukuthenga imishanguzo engombombayi kalula besebenzisa i-internet.
Ngesikhathi kugujwa usuku lokuqwashisa ngempahla engombombayi iWorld Counterfeit Day, ngoJuni 7 nonyaka, uNkk Sibongile Nkomo okhulumela i-IFP kwezeMpillo eKZN uphakamise ukuthi kusungulwe uphiko oluzovakashela izikhungo ezizimele namakhemisi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ayikho imishanguzo engombombayi nokuthi ekhona iyasuswa.
Wakhala ngokuthi abantu sebegcina bephoqeleka imishanguzo engathembekile nengombombayi ngoba benzela ukonga imali ngenxa yokubiza kwemishanguzo.
“Imishanguzo engombombayi ibeka ingozi esimweni sakuleli sezempilo. Kudingeka ukuthi ithimba liye nasemiphakathini lapho lizothola khona abantu bedayisa imishanguzo neminye imithi engaphephile ukuthi ingaphuzwa. Imishanguzo engombombayi ingabeka isimo sempilo salabo abayithengayo noma abayithola ezibhedlela engozini kokunye ize ibabulale,” kusho uNksz Nkomo.
Ngokwezibalo zakuleli kukholakala ukuthi ilinganiselwa ku-R2 billion imali eyenziwa abadayisa imishanguzo engombombayi eNingizimu Afrika iyodwa. Ngokwe-USFDA, imishanguzo yesimanje seyithakwa ibe namazinga athile esithako okuyiso esilwa nesifo noma nenkinga esemzimbeni. Uma umshanguzo ushintshwe indlela othakwe ngayo kungeyona efanele kungenza umehluko emzimbeni wogulayo. Kungenzeka ungasebenzi noma uphinde unezelele izinkinga emzimbeni.
Kwabanye abayithathayo kuba nezimpawu ezingalindelekile nezingavamile emishanguzweni esemthethweni. Ezinye zalezi kuba ukushaya ngamandla kwenhliziyo, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukucikizela kwenhliziyo, ukujuluka ngokweqile ukukhishwa yisisu nokunye. Abanye baba nezinkinga zenhliziyo noma ukufeyila ukusebenza kwazo zonke izitho zabo zomzimba, abanye baze bagcine ngokushona.
IWHO ithi imishanguzo engombombayi iyafana neyangempela kodwa nakhu okuhlukile ngayo nokuyenza ibe yingozi:
Isikhathi esiningi le mishanguzo isuke ithakwe ngokungafanele. Ithakwa ngokweqile noma ithakwe nangezithako okungezona okufanele engabe ziba emishanguzweni yaleso sifo.
Kokunye azibi naso isithako okufanele engabe silapha leso sifo. Iphinde ithakwe ngezithako ezingaphephile nosekukhishwe imiyalelo yokuthi zingabe zisafakwa emishanguzweni yaleso sifo.
Kwesinye isikhathi kusetshenziswa izithako esezidlulelwe yisikhathi.
Ngokwe-WHO Imishanguzo esemthethweni kufanele ibe nokulandelayo:
Iphakethe layo nendlela epakishwe ngayo – Igama kufanele libhaleke ngendlela, lingabinamaphutha futhi kufanele ipakishwe ephaketheni elihlanzekile.
Usuku lokudlulelwa yisikhathi: Kufanele lucace usuku lokudlulelwa yisikhathi. Iminingwane ngalo kufanele ihambisane neyepheshana elifakwe phakathi ebhodleleni noma ephaketheni.
Imishanguzo kufanele ibukeke ngendlela efanele: Akufanele imishanguzo ibukeke iphuphile (uma kungamaphilisi). Umbala awugqame ngendlela ejwayelekile. Akufanele ihlephuke noma ibe nephunga elingaqondakali. Noma isiphuzwa akufanele inambitheke ngendlela engajwayelekile noma ekhombisa ukudlulelwa yisikhathi.
Inani okufanele lithathwe: Akufanele kubhalwe inani elihluke kakhulu kuleli elishiwo ngudokotela wakho ( kuyenzeka ukuthi udokotela akuyalele ukuthi uthathe inani elincane kunelibhaliwe)
Iphakethe kufanele livalwe: Imishanguzo kufanele ifike isephaketheni elivaliwe. Uma linezimpawu zokuvuleka kungenzenzeka ukuthi kunenkinga.